Molecular inhibitory mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney by cadmium

Casalino, Elisabetta; Calzaretti, Giovanna; Sblano, Cesare; Landriscina, C

doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00245-7

Cited by 350 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The significant decline in antioxidant enzymes (CAT, Cu-ZnSOD, and GPx) could be due to Cd bonding with enzymes that contain -SH-functional groups, which are meant to defend tissues leading to reduced activity [46]. This could also be through another mechanism resulting from the impedance of Cd activity by replacing the activity of beneficial substances [47]. Another possibility is that Cd depleted the vital elements necessary for the functioning of these enzymes, such as Se, zinc, copper, manganese and iron.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Oxidative Stress in Bone Tissue in Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Ibrahim¹,

Tarboush²,

Aljada³

et al. 2014

FNS

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This study examined the effect of selenium (Se) or lycopene (Lyc) and their combination on oxidative stress in bone following cadmium (Cd) exposure in vivo. Cd exposure enhanced accumulation of Cd in femur with subsequent increase in LPO and PC and decreased antioxidative enzyme activities in rat femur, along with significant decreases in body and femur bone weights. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of Se or Lyc reduced Cd accumulation in bone and increased body and femur weights, when given individually or concomitantly. Antioxidant enzyme activities maintained and/or increased following Se and Lyc supplementation when given individually or concomitantly. However, lycopene dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight alone or selenium alone provided better protection to bone tissues of rats against oxidative stress compared to treatment with their combination. Selenium and lycopene could be used as a dietary supplement to protect against bone oxidative stress in areas exposed to Cd pollution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Oxidative Stress in Bone Tissue in Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Ibrahim¹,

Tarboush²,

Aljada³

et al. 2014

FNS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, Cd-induces the lost of Zn may be via a mechanism of competitive inhibition or an alternative biological pathway in the protein instead of chemical substitution. In the case of SOD2, it has been proposed a mechanism mediated by the substitution of Mn by Cd, due to Cd-induced SOD2 inhibition is completely restored by incubating mitochondria with Cd plus Mn (II) [56]. As Se is an essential component of GPx, the reduction in activity of GPx might be due to depletion of Se by Cd [57] or by the formation of the chemical complex between Cd and Se at the active site of the enzyme.…”

Section: Sulfhydryl Group Inactivation and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver and Cadmium Toxicity

2013

J Drug Metab Toxicol

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“…These observations strongly correlate LPO mediated depression in hepatic levels of catalase and SOD. Casalino [23] also suggested Cd-induced displacement of Zn, Mn from the active sites of SOD, resulting in its decreased activity [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Protective Efficacy of Combination and Withania Somnifera and Vitamin E Against Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Hepatic Histopathology and Genotoxicity in Murine Model

Rani

Sharma

Chopra

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Cadmium (Cd) exposure develops various serious pathological conditions because of its long-term retention in tissues. Withania somnifera (WS) is a known antioxidant due to its pharmacological properties, whereas vitamin E (VE) is a dietary antioxidant. The present study tries to study the combinational effect of WS and VE against Cd-induced toxicity.Methods: Amelioration of Cd-induced toxicity by WS and VE was evaluated in mice liver by studying biochemical, morphological and genotoxic parameters. For this study mice (n=6) were given short-term Cd exposure of 5 mg/kg b. wt. intraperitoneally (ip) for 5 d. WS leaf extract was given orally (500 mg/kg b. wt.) and in combination with VE (100 mg/kg b. wt.) to study its preventive effects against Cd-induced oxidative stressmediated histopathological and genotoxic alterations.Results: Cd significantly enhanced lipid peroxidation (LPO (p<0.0001) and declined the levels of antioxidant viz. reduced glutathione (GSH (p ≤ 0.0001), glutathione-S-Transferase (GST (p ≤ 0.0001 ), superoxide dismutase (SOD (p ≤ 0.0001 ) and catalase (CAT) (p ≤ 0.0001) activity. Histopathological examination of Cd-treated mice liver exhibited marked structural damage. Metal generated oxidative stress and imbalance of proand antioxidants forms the basis for marked structural changes and genotoxicity. Individual treatments of WS and VE reduced the Cd-induced toxicity but when WS was given in combination with VE for the same period, levels of antioxidants were brought to near normal levels.Conclusion: WS in combination with VE reduced Cd-induced oxidative burden and restored the levels of anti-oxidant enzymes resulting into improved histoarchitecture and reduced genotoxic insult.

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Molecular inhibitory mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney by cadmium

Cited by 350 publications

References 56 publications

The Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Oxidative Stress in Bone Tissue in Rats Exposed to Cadmium

The Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Oxidative Stress in Bone Tissue in Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Liver and Cadmium Toxicity

Evaluating the Protective Efficacy of Combination and Withania Somnifera and Vitamin E Against Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Hepatic Histopathology and Genotoxicity in Murine Model

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