Molecular Insight into Evolution of Symbiosis between Breast-Fed Infants and a Member of the Human Gut Microbiome Bifidobacterium longum

Yamada, Chihaya; Gotoh, Aina; Sakanaka, Mikiyasu; Hattie, Mitchell; Stubbs, Keith A.; Katayama-Ikegami, Ayako; Hirose, Junko; Kurihara, Shin; Arakawa, T.; Kitaoka, Motomitsu; Okuda, Shujiro; Katayama, Takane; Fushinobu, Shinya

doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.03.012

Cited by 110 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Some strains of B. longum ssp. longum were shown to be genetically equipped to utilize both plant-derived and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO)-derived sugars [24, 42]. This characteristic might explain why B. longum ssp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Composition of Gut Bifidobacterium Species

et al. 2017

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Bifidobacteria are one of the major components in human microbiota that are suggested to function in maintaining human health. The colonization and cell number of Bifidobacterium species in human intestine vary with ageing. However, sequential changes of Bifidobacterium species ranging from newborns to centenarians remain unresolved. Here, we investigated the gut compositional changes of Bifidobacterium species over a wide range of ages. Faecal samples of 441 healthy Japanese subjects between the ages of 0 and 104 years were analysed using real-time PCR with species-specific primers. B. longum group was widely detected from newborns to centenarians, with the highest detection rate. B. breve was detected in approximately 70% of children under 3 years old. B. adolescentis and B. catenulatum groups were predominant after weaning. B. bifidum was detected at almost all ages. The detection rate of B. dentium was higher in the elderly than in other ages. B. animalis ssp. lactis was detected in 11.4% of the subjects and their ages were restricted. B. gallinarum goup was detected in only nine subjects, while B. minimum and B. mongoliense were undetected at any age. The presence of certain Bifidobacterium groups was associated with significantly higher numbers of other Bifidobacterium species/subspecies. Inter-species correlations were found among each species, exception for B. animalis ssp. lactis. These results revealed the patterns and transition points with respect to compositional changes of Bifidobacterium species that occur with ageing, and the findings indicate that there may be symbiotic associations between some of these species in the gut microbiota.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00284-017-1272-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Composition of Gut Bifidobacterium Species

et al. 2017

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“…Keystone species may not always be the controlling agent at all times, but rather only under certain conditions. In the examples that we raised, the presence of an exclusive carbon source like HMOs allowed B. bifidum and LnbX + − B. longum to act as a keystone species in the bifidus flora (Yamada et al ., ; Gotoh et al ., ).…”

Section: Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Interestingly, B. longum carrying the lnbX gene was, on average, only about 0.2% of the total B. longum population. These findings suggest that, although the LnbX + − B. longum strain is a minority species, it significantly contributes to the formation of bifidus flora through cross‐feeding of degraded by‐products of LNT (Yamada et al ., ).…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These findings suggest that, although the LnbX + ÀB. longum strain is a minority species, it significantly contributes to the formation of bifidus flora through cross-feeding of degraded by-products of LNT (Yamada et al, 2017).…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bifidobacteria are the first colonizers in the intestines of breastfed infants. In many cases, bifidobacteria occupy more than 70% of the total infant gut microbiota (Tannock et al, 2013;Matsuki et al, 2016;Yamada et al, 2017). The lack of a bifidobacteria-rich gut microbiota (bifidus flora) during infancy has been shown to be linked to a variety of health conditions (Brown et al, 1989;L opez-Alarc on et al, 1997;von Kries et al, 1999;Olszak et al, 2012;Cox et al, 2014), including diarrhoea, allergy, atopic dermatitis, impaired immune responses and elevated serum cholesterol levels (Kal-liom€ aki et al, 2001;Di Gioia et al, 2014) that continue throughout adulthood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minority species influences microbiota formation: the role of Bifidobacterium with extracellular glycosidases in bifidus flora formation in breastfed infant guts

Gotoh

Ojima

Katayama

2019

Microbial Biotechnology

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Summary The human body houses a variety of microbial ecosystems, such as the microbiotas on the skin, in the oral cavity and in the digestive tract. The gut microbiota is one such ecosystem that contains trillions of bacteria, and it is well established that it can significantly influence host health and diseases. With the advancement in bioinformatics tools, numerous comparative studies based on 16S ribosomal RNA ( rRNA ) gene sequences, metabolomics, pathological and epidemical analyses have revealed the correlative relationship between the abundance of certain taxa and disease states or amount of certain causative bioactive compounds. However, the 16S rRNA ‐based taxonomic analyses using next‐generation sequencing ( NGS ) technology essentially detect only the majority species. Although the entire gut microbiome consists of 10 13 microbial cells, NGS read counts are given in multiples of 10 6 , making it difficult to determine the diversity of the entire microbiota. Some recent studies have reported instances where certain minority species play a critical role in creating locally stable conditions for other species by stabilizing the fundamental microbiota, despite their low abundance. These minority species act as ‘keystone species’, which is a species whose effect on the community is disproportionately large compared to its relative abundance. One of the attributes of keystone species within the gut microbiota is its extensive enzymatic capacity for substrates that are rare or difficult to degrade for other species, such as dietary fibres or host‐derived complex glycans, like human milk oligosaccharides ( HMO s). In this paper, we propose that more emphasis should be placed on minority taxa and their possible role as keystone species in gut microbiota studies by referring to our recent studies on HMO ‐mediated microbiota formation in the infant gut.

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Metabolic Fate and Distribution of 2´‐Fucosyllactose: Direct Influence on Gut Microbial Activity but not on Brain

Kuntz

Borsch

Vázquez

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope 2´‐Fucosyllactose (2´FL) is an abundant oligosaccharide in human milk. It is hypothesized that its brain enrichment is associated with improved learning. Accumulation of 2´FL in organs, biological fluids, and feces is assessed in wild‐type and germ‐free mice. Methods and results 13 C‐labelled 2´FL is applied to NMRI wild‐type mice intravenously (0.2 g kg −1 ) or orally (1 g kg −1 ), while controls receive saline. Biological samples are collected (0.5–15 h) and 13 C‐enrichment is measured by elemental analysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA‐IRMS). After oral application, 2´FL is primarily eliminated in the feces. 13 C‐enrichment in organs including the brain follows the same pattern as in plasma with a maximum peak after 5 h. However, 13 C‐enrichment is only detected when the 13 C‐2´FL bolus reaches the colon. In contrast, in germ‐free mice, the 13 C‐bolus remains in the intestinal content and is expelled via the feces. Furthermore, intravenously applied 13 C‐2´FL is eliminated via urine; no 13 C‐enrichment of organs is observed, suggesting that intact 2´FL is not retained. Conclusions 13 C‐enrichment in brain and other organs after oral application of 13 C‐2´FL in wild‐type mice indicates cleaved fucose or other gut microbial 2´FL metabolites may be incorporated, as opposed to intact 2´FL.

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Molecular Insight into Evolution of Symbiosis between Breast-Fed Infants and a Member of the Human Gut Microbiome Bifidobacterium longum

Cited by 110 publications

References 48 publications

Age-Related Changes in the Composition of Gut Bifidobacterium Species

Age-Related Changes in the Composition of Gut Bifidobacterium Species

Minority species influences microbiota formation: the role of Bifidobacterium with extracellular glycosidases in bifidus flora formation in breastfed infant guts

Metabolic Fate and Distribution of 2´‐Fucosyllactose: Direct Influence on Gut Microbial Activity but not on Brain

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