Molecular Investigation of 2013 Dengue Fever Outbreak from Delhi, India

Afreen, Nazia; Deeba, Farah; Naqvi, Irshad H.; Shareef, M.; Ahmed, Anwar; Broor, Shobha; Parveen, Shama

doi:10.1371/currents.outbreaks.0411252a8b82aa933f6540abb54a855f

Cited by 32 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similarly 43% co-infection was reported from Davangere, Karnataka [5] and 57% from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala [6], 32·5% from Moreh, Manipur [38] and 19% from Delhi [3]. Our earlier work reported 9% co-infections during 2011 [7], 14% during 2013 [2] and 18% during 4 years of study from 2011-14 [39] in Delhi. Dual infection was also reported in other investigations from Delhi [4,40,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during 2014 in New Delhi, India

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYDengue fever is an arthropod-borne viral infection that has become endemic in several parts of India including Delhi. We studied occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during an outbreak in New Delhi, India in 2014. For the present study, blood samples collected from symptomatic patients were analysed by RT-PCR. Eighty percent of the samples were positive for dengue virus. The result showed that DENV-1 (77%) was the predominant serotype followed by DENV-2 (60%). Concurrent infection with more than one serotype was identified in 43% of the positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis clustered DENV-1 strains with the American African and DENV-2 strains in Cosmopolitan genotypes. Four common amino-acid mutations were identified in the envelope gene of DENV-1 sequences (F337I, A369T, V380I and L402F) and one common mutation (N390S) in the DENV-2 sequences. Further analysis revealed purifying selection in both the serotypes. A significant number of patients were co-infected with DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes. Although we do not have direct evidence to demonstrate co-evolution of these two stereotypes, nonetheless their simultaneous occurrence does indicate that they are favoured by evolutionary forces. An ongoing surveillance and careful analysis of future outbreaks will strengthen the concept of co-evolution or otherwise. Whether the concurrent dengue viral infection is correlated with disease severity in a given population is another aspect to be pursued. This study is envisaged to be useful for future reference in the context of overall epidemiology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…In addition, concurrent infections with more than one serotype of dengue virus have been documented in various studies [2,[4][5][6]. However, the true disease burden or collective severity due to dual infection remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during 2014 in New Delhi, India

et al. 2016

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“…Nearly after a decade, DENV-2 reemerged as predominant serotype during the outbreak in 2013 [6]. The emergence of DENV-2 is an alarming signal for public health, as this serotype has been associated with major DF and DHF outbreaks [2,[6][7][8]. Based on genomic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outbreaks occurred in 2006 and 2010 were predominated by DENV-3 and DENV-1 respectively [4,5]. Nearly after a decade, DENV-2 reemerged as predominant serotype during the outbreak in 2013 [6]. The emergence of DENV-2 is an alarming signal for public health, as this serotype has been associated with major DF and DHF outbreaks [2,[6][7][8].…”

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Molecular epidemiology and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus type 2, circulating in Delhi, India

et al. 2016

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Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) has been associated with severe dengue outbreaks in many countries including India. Its predominance was recorded nearly after a decade in the capital city, Delhi in 2013. The present study characterizes DENV-2 circulated during 2013-2014. Analysis based on envelope (E) gene showed the presence of two clades (I and II) of DENV-2, within the Cosmopolitan genotype. Analysis of time of most recent common ancestor revealed the existence of clade I for more than a decade (95 % HPD 13-16 years) however, clade II showed comparatively recent emergence (95 % HPD 5-13 years). Presence of different clades is of high significance as this may result in increased virus transmission and major outbreaks. Further, the presence of a unique amino acid substitution, Q325H was also observed in an isolate; 14/D2/Del/2013 (KT717981). This substitution falls in immune epitope (epitope id: 150268) and may have important role in host immune response.Keywords Dengue Á Molecular epidemiology Á Envelope Á Evolutionary analysis Dengue fever is a mosquito borne infection caused by four antigenically-related serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1, 2, 3 and 4). During the past decades dengue fever (DF) emerged as a major public health problem of global scale. Nearly 40 % of the world population is living at the risk of dengue infection. According to World Health Organization (available at http://www.searo.who.int/entity/vector_borne _tropical_diseases/data/data_factsheet/en/) it is the major cause of illness and deaths in tropical and subtropical regions, where Aedes mosquito population is high during rainy season. Dengue virus (DENV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae (genus; Flavivirus). Its genome consists of single stranded, positive sense RNA with approximately 11,000 nucleotides. A single open reading frame consists of three structural (capsid; C, premembrane/membrane; prM/ M and envelope; E) and seven nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5) flanked by nontranslated regions (5 0 UTR and 3 0 UTR) [1].Dengue is endemic in several parts of India. Many outbreaks have been reported from different parts of the country. During last two decades, Delhi, the national capital has emerged as one of the ''badly hit'' city by dengue. The city witnessed its first major dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) outbreak in 1996 [2]. Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) was confirmed as main etiological agent for this outbreak. During another outbreak in 2003, co-circulation of DENV-2 and DENV-3 was observed [3]. However, in the following years a downward shift in predominance of DENV-2 was recorded. The outbreaks occurred in 2006 and 2010 were predominated by DENV-3 and DENV-1 respectively [4,5]. Nearly after a decade, DENV-2 reemerged as predominant serotype during the outbreak in 2013 [6]. The emergence of DENV-2 is an alarming signal for public health, as this serotype has been associated with major DF and DHF outbreaks [2,[6][7][8]. Based on genomic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this a...

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Genetic characterization of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from dengue fever outbreaks in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, India

Deval

Behera

Agrawal

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Dengue (DEN) is the most common cause of mosquito‐borne endemic viral diseases in the tropical and subtropical countries. DEN outbreaks associated with multiple dengue virus (DV) serotypes have been regularly reported in different parts of India. This study was done during DEN outbreaks in 2015 to 2016 in UP and Bihar where DEN‐2 was found as the only prevalent serotype. DV‐2 was the only serotype amplified in serotype‐specific reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction from sera of 210 (65.21%) out of 322 DV NS1 antigen‐positive patients. Further genetic analysis based on full‐length envelope (E) protein sequence derived from patient's sera as well as DV isolate showed the circulation of lineages I and III of DV‐2 cosmopolitan genotype during 2015 and lineage II during 2016. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis using the E gene sequence revealed that these DV‐2 strains have a close genetic relationship with the recently reported DV‐2 genotypes from DEN outbreaks reported from different parts of north India. These results showed the circulation of cosmopolitan genotype of DV‐2 in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, India. The genetic database generated on circulating DV strains in this study will be useful as reference for disease surveillance and strengthening laboratory diagnosis protocols.

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Molecular Investigation of 2013 Dengue Fever Outbreak from Delhi, India

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during 2014 in New Delhi, India

Occurrence of co-infection with dengue viruses during 2014 in New Delhi, India

Molecular epidemiology and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus type 2, circulating in Delhi, India

Genetic characterization of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from dengue fever outbreaks in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, India

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