Molecular-Level Control over Oxygen Transport and Catalyst–Ionomer Interaction by Designing Cis–Trans Isomeric Ionomers

Yu, Weisheng; Zhang, Jianjun; Huang, Dongmei; Liang, Xian; Zhang, Kaiyu; Xu, Yan; Zhang, Hongjun; Ye, Bangjiao; Ge, Xiaolin; Xu, Tongwen; Wu, Liang

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02547

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Obviously, the Pt particle coated with PIM-P ionomer shows the narrowest size distribution, and larger agglomerates of Pt particles are observed in the TEM images with PTFE and PIM-5F binders. 44,45 These results indicate that the PIM-P ionomer facilitates the uniform distribution of the catalyst particles. It could be predicted that PIM-P promoted better coating on the surface of the Pt/C particles and the formation of an appropriate TPB, which was essential to efficient mass transport in cells.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Phosphonated Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity with Partially Ordered Structure for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Guan

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Cent. Sci.

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High mass transport resistance within the catalyst layer is one of the major factors restricting the performance and low Pt loadings of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To resolve the issue, a novel partially ordered phosphonated ionomer (PIM-P) with both an intrinsic microporous structure and proton-conductive functionality was designed as the catalyst binder to improve the mass transport of electrodes. The rigid and contorted structure of PIM-P limits the free movement of the conformation and the efficient packing of polymer chains, resulting in the formation of a robust gas transmission channel. The phosphonated groups provide sites for stable proton conduction. In particular, by incorporating fluorinated and phosphonated groups strategically on the local side chains, an orderly stacking of molecular chains based on group assembly contributes to the construction of efficient mass transport pathways. The peak power density of the membrane electrode assembly with the PIM-P ionomer is 18−379% greater than that of those with commercial or porous catalyst binders at 160 °C under an H 2 /O 2 condition. This study emphasizes the crucial role of ordered structure in the rapid conduction of polymers with intrinsic microporosity and provides a new idea for increasing mass transport at electrodes from the perspective of structural design instead of complex processes.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Phosphonated Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity with Partially Ordered Structure for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Guan

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Cent. Sci.

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“…Gas, and in particular, oxygen permeability is another overlooked aspect of anion exchange ionomers particularly in the context of fuel cells. Multiple studies have shown that increasing the fractional free volume can be an effective approach to improve gas transport [24,76,[87][88][89] and we foresee that this unexplored area offers great potential to improve the performance of fuel cells. In this context, knowledge gained from "highly oxygen permeable proton exchange ionomers" could be transferred to AEI.…”

Section: Gas Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 89 ] c) Improving the oxygen permeability of the anion exchange ionomer SP‐DP by controlling its isomeric confuguration. [ 24 ] d) Improving the oxygen permeability of the anion exchange ionomer BP‐PES by introducing the bulkier monomer SPI. [ 87 ] e) Improving the oxygen permeability of the proton exchange ionomer: sulfonated poly(ionic liquid) block co‐polymer by the introduction of a monomer, with an oxygenophilic anion.…”

Section: Design Considerations For Anion Exchange Ionomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) Improving the oxygen permeability of the anion exchange ionomer PPO-ASU by changing the functional group to the more flexible piperidinium (PPO-DMP) [89]. c) Improving the oxygen permeability of the anion exchange ionomer SP-DP by controlling its isomeric confuguration [24]. d) Improving the oxygen permeability of the anion exchange ionomer BP-PES by introducing the bulkier monomer SPI [87].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anion Exchange Ionomers: Design Considerations and Recent Advances ‐ An Electrochemical Perspective

Favero,

Stephens,

Titirci

2023

Advanced Materials

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Alkaline‐based electrochemical devices, such as anion exchange membrane fuel cells and electrolysers, are receiving increasing attention. However, while the catalysts and membrane have been methodically studied, the ionomer has been largely overlooked. In fact, most of the studies in alkaline electrolytes have been conducted using the commercial proton exchange ionomer Nafion. The ionomer does not only provide ionic conductivity, but it is essential for gas transport and water management, as well as controlling the mechanical stability and the morphology of the catalyst layer. Moreover, the ionomer has distinct requirement that differ from those of anion‐exchange membranes, such as a high gas permeability, and that depend on the specific electrode, such as water management. As a result, it is necessary to tailor the ionomer structure to the specific application, in isolation and as part of the catalyst layer. In this review, we will provide an overview of the current state of the art for anion exchange ionomers, summarizing their specific requirements and limitations in the context of AEM electrolysers and fuel cells.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Two approaches have been proposed to alleviate the high resistance of oxygen transport. The first approach centers on issues related to ionomers and aims at lowering the oxygen transfer resistance by tuning the structure of the ionomers. − The second strategy for improving the mass transportation ability of oxygen is specifically focused on the structural engineering of the carbon support. − Tuning both the electronic structure and the pores of carbon support can enhance the mass transport of oxygen. − The electronic structure of the carbon support is commonly tuned by doping with heterogeneous atoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, and metal single atoms to generate an interaction between ionomers and the carbon support; therefore, the ionomers can be dispersed uniformly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Performance of Low-Platinum Fuel Cells via a Hierarchical and Interconnected Porous Carbon Support

Luo,

Li,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The design of a low-platinum (Pt) proton-exchangemembrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can reduce its high cost. However, the development of a low-Pt PEMFC is severely hindered by the high oxygen transfer resistance in the catalyst layer. Herein, a carbon with interconnected and hierarchical pores is synthesized as a support for the low-Pt catalyst to lower the oxygen transfer resistance. A H 2 −air fuel cell assembled by Pt/hierarchical porous carbon shows 1610 mW/cm 2 peak power density, 2230 mA/cm 2 current density at 0.60 V, and only 18.4 S/m local oxygen transfer resistance with 0.10 mg Pt /cm 2 Pt loading at the cathode, which far exceeds those of various carbon black supports and commercially used Pt/C catalysts. Both the experimental and simulation results have shown the advancement of hierarchical pores toward the high efficiency of oxygen transportation.

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Molecular-Level Control over Oxygen Transport and Catalyst–Ionomer Interaction by Designing Cis–Trans Isomeric Ionomers

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Phosphonated Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity with Partially Ordered Structure for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Phosphonated Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity with Partially Ordered Structure for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Anion Exchange Ionomers: Design Considerations and Recent Advances ‐ An Electrochemical Perspective

Boosting the Performance of Low-Platinum Fuel Cells via a Hierarchical and Interconnected Porous Carbon Support

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