Molecular mechanism of vesicle division induced by coupling between lipid geometry and membrane curvatures

Urakami, Naohito; Jimbo, Takehiro; Sakuma, Yuka; Imai, Masayuki

doi:10.1039/c7sm02188g

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Most importantly, the membrane elasticity model shows that vesicle division is hard to observe in one-component vesicles 40,41 , which agrees well with experimental observations 42 . Therefore, a second amphiphile having a negative molecular spontaneous curvature (amphiphile with small polar head group and bulky hydrocarbon part) has to be introduced 5,6 ; whereby the coupling between the membrane curvatures and the local amphiphile composition is responsible for the deformation and division of the vesicle 6,7,43 (Supplementary Note 7 and Supplementary Fig. 8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8). In the limiting shape, cholesterol molecules are excluded from the neck due to the coupling between the molecular shape and the membrane Gaussian curvature, which destabilises the neck and causes vesicle division 7 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among several gateways towards the synthesis of minimal cells, one of the soft matter approaches focuses on constructing minimal cells using well-defined vesicle membrane-forming molecules to hopefully reveal some of the underlying physical chemical mechanisms of the growth and reproduction of living systems [5][6][7][8] . In this approach, preformed vesicles take up precursors of the membrane molecules from the environment, which are then transformed by a chemical modification into the membrane molecules of pre-existing vesicles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mutual promotion system fulfills the physical requirements of minimal cells 27,28 . In addition, by introducing to the AOT vesicle/PANI-ES system a second amphiphile having a negative molecular spontaneous curvature [5][6][7] , we succeed in realising not only the growth of vesicles, but also the division of the grown vesicles (reproduction). On the basis of the observed mutual promotion mechanism, we develop a kinetic model, which predicts that this system has the potential for the experimental realisation of recursive reproduction and Darwinian evolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reproduction of vesicles coupled with a vesicle surface-confined enzymatic polymerisation

et al. 2019

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Molecular assembly systems that have autonomous reproduction and Darwinian evolution abilities can be considered as minimal cell-like systems. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of cell-sized vesicles composed of AOT, i.e., sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, coupled with an enzymatic polymerisation reaction occurring on the surface of the vesicles. The particular reaction used is the horseradish peroxidase-catalysed polymerisation of aniline with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant, which yields polyaniline in its emeraldine salt form (PANI-ES). If AOT micelles are added during this polymerisation reaction, the AOT-PANI-ES vesicles interact with the AOT molecules in the external solution and selectively incorporate them in their membrane, which leads to a growth of the vesicles. If the AOT vesicles also contain cholesterol, the vesicles not only show growth, but also reproduction. An important characteristic of this reproduction system is that the AOT-based vesicles encourage the synthesis of PANI-ES and PANI-ES promotes the growth of AOT vesicles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Reproduction of vesicles coupled with a vesicle surface-confined enzymatic polymerisation

et al. 2019

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“… 14 In addition, investigating liposome-based cell models in view of supramolecular chemistry and soft matter physics would be a promising approach to clarify the fundamental features of cellular membranes. 15 − 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfusion Chamber for Observing a Liposome-Based Cell Model Prepared by a Water-in-Oil Emulsion Transfer Method

et al. 2020

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For the construction of a chemical model of contemporary living cells, the so-called water-in-oil emulsion transfer (WOET) method has drawn much attention as one of the promising preparation protocols for cell-sized liposomes encapsulating macromolecules and even micrometer-sized colloidal particles in high yields. Combining the throughput and accuracy of the observation is the key to developing a synthetic approach based on the liposomes prepared by the WOET method. Recent advances in microfluidic technology can provide a solution. By means of surface modification of a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-type microfluidic device integrating size-sorting and trapping modules, here, we enabled a simultaneous direct observation of the liposomes with a narrow size distribution, which were prepared by the WOET method. As a demonstration, we evaluated the variance of encapsulation of polystyrene colloidal particles and water permeability of the cell-sized liposomes prepared by the WOET method in the device. Since the liposomes prepared by the WOET method are useful for constructing cell models with an easy protocol, the current system will lead to a critical development of not only supramolecular chemistry and soft matter physics but also synthetic biology.

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Remodeling of Membrane Shape and Topology by Curvature Elasticity and Membrane Tension

Lipowsky

2021

Advanced Biology

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Cellular membranes exhibit a fascinating variety of different morphologies, which are continuously remodeled by transformations of membrane shape and topology. This remodeling is essential for important biological processes (cell division, intracellular vesicle trafficking, endocytosis) and can be elucidated in a systematic and quantitative manner using synthetic membrane systems. Here, recent insights obtained from such synthetic systems are reviewed, integrating experimental observations and molecular dynamics simulations with the theory of membrane elasticity. The study starts from the polymorphism of biomembranes as observed for giant vesicles by optical microscopy and small nanovesicles in simulations. This polymorphism reflects the unusual elasticity of fluid membranes and includes the formation of membrane necks or fluid ‘worm holes'. The proliferation of membrane necks generates stable multi‐spherical shapes, which can form tubules and tubular junctions. Membrane necks are also essential for the remodeling of membrane topology via membrane fission and fusion. Neck fission can be induced by fine‐tuning of membrane curvature, which leads to the controlled division of giant vesicles, and by adhesion‐induced membrane tension as observed for small nanovesicles. Challenges for future research include the interplay of curvature elasticity and membrane tension during membrane fusion and the localization of fission and fusion processes within intramembrane domains.

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Molecular mechanism of vesicle division induced by coupling between lipid geometry and membrane curvatures

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Reproduction of vesicles coupled with a vesicle surface-confined enzymatic polymerisation

Reproduction of vesicles coupled with a vesicle surface-confined enzymatic polymerisation

Perfusion Chamber for Observing a Liposome-Based Cell Model Prepared by a Water-in-Oil Emulsion Transfer Method

Remodeling of Membrane Shape and Topology by Curvature Elasticity and Membrane Tension

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