Molecular Mechanism of β-Sitosterol and its Derivatives in Tumor Progression

Bao, Xingxun; Zhang, Yanan; Zhang, Hairong; Lei, Xia

doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.926975

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Additionally, the phthalate ester bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (RA = 2.11%) has been reported to have antitumor and antioxidant properties [ 40 ], and it has a higher concentration in the stems than in leaves. Additionally, campesterol [ 41 ], stigmasterol [ 42 ], beta-sitosterol acetate [ 43 , 44 ] and obtusifoliol [ 45 ] are sterols that are found in the stem and have been reported to have antitumor properties. Betulinaldehyd is a triterpene also found in the stems and has been reported to possess antitumor properties [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

2023

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Anti-tumor compounds from natural products are being investigated as possible alternatives for cancer chemotherapeutics that have serious adverse effects and tumor resistance. Calystegia silvatica was collected from the north coast of Egypt and extracted via methanol and n-hexane sub-fraction. The biologically active compounds of Calystegia silvatica were identified from the methanol and n-hexane extracts from the leaves and stems of the plant using GC-MS and HPLC. The antitumor properties of both parts of the plant were investigated against cancer and non-cancer cell lines using the MTT assay, and the IC50 in comparison to doxorubicin was calculated. The main compounds identified in the methanol extract were cis-vaccenic acid and trans-13-octadecenoic acid in the leaves and stems, respectively, and phenyl undecane and 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl-2-hexadeca-1-ol in the n-hexane extracts of the leaves and stems, respectively. Both parts of the plant contained fatty acids that have potential antitumor properties. The methanol extract from the stems of C. silvatica showed antitumor properties against HeLa, with an IC50 of 114 ± 5 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC50 of 137 ± 18 μg/mL and MCF7 with an IC50 of 172 ± 15 μg/mL, which were greater than Caco2, which had an IC50 of 353 ± 19 μg/mL, and HepG2, which had an IC50 of 236 ± 17 μg/mL. However, the leaf extract showed weak antitumor properties against all of the studied cancer cell lines (HeLa with an IC50 of 208 ± 13 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC50 of 336 ± 57 μg/mL, MCF7 with an IC50 of 324 ± 17 μg/mL, Caco2 with an IC50 of 682 ± 55 μg/mL and HepG2 with an IC50 of 593 ± 22 μg/mL). Neither part of the plant extract showed any cytotoxicity to the normal cells (WI38). Therefore, C. silvatica stems may potentially be used for the treatment of cervical, prostate and breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

2023

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“…However, a certain amount of β‐sitosterol (δ2.26, δ3.52) was found in CCA but not in P. notoginseng . In fact, β‐sitosterol is one of the most abundant naturally occurring phytosterols in plants, and it has been applied in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and chemical industries, owing to its unique biological and physicochemical properties 36,37 . The higher content of β‐sitosterol in CCA indicates the compositional differences between P. notoginseng and CCA and implies the potential medical values of CCA .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative comparison and rapid discrimination of Panax notoginseng powder and Caulis clematidis armandii using NMR combined with pattern recognition

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND The market demand for Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is growing rapidly because of its useful properties in food and medicine. However, the frequent adulteration of P. notoginseng seriously affects the health of consumers and is a great challenge to food safety. In this study, low‐ and high‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF/HF‐NMR) were applied to detect the transverse relaxation distribution of P. notoginseng contaminated with different ratios of Caulis clematidis armandii (CCA) and the components in P. notoginseng and CCA, respectively. RESULTS Fifty‐seven kinds of major and minor components in P. notoginseng and CCA were identified and quantified from their high‐resolution NMR spectra, and there were significant differences in ginsenosides, sucrose, and glucose between P. notoginseng and CCA. Furthermore, the partial least squares regression analysis results indicated that LF‐NMR parameters (T21 and S21) changed linearly as the ratio of CCA increased, and these changes were attributed to the variations in polysaccharide and sucrose in adulterated P. notoginseng. CONCLUSION In the relaxation time‐based pattern recognition models, the authentic P. notoginseng powder could be classified with 100% accuracy from adulterated P. notoginseng when the adulteration ratio was greater than 30%, demonstrating the possibility of LF‐NMR, in combination with pattern recognition, for rapid discrimination of food authenticity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Lastly, the molecular mechanisms of BST in preventing cell proliferation via pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, anti-invasive, and chemo-sensitizing actions that include factors such as p53 protein, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), ROS, cell cycle blockade, interleukins, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), and PCNA pathways with applications to prostate disorders, but tumor progression, in general, have been recently reviewed [ 134 ].…”

Section: Nutraceutical Therapies For Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of BPH: Symptom Relief with Dietary Polyphenols, Vitamins and Phytochemicals by Nutraceutical Supplements with Implications to the Prostate Microbiome

Stewart

Lephart

2023

IJMS

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related disorder, which is one of the most prevalent and costly benign neoplasms in men with over 94 million cases worldwide. Starting before or around 50 years of age, there is a linear increase in prostate volume and BPH symptoms, which are influenced by changes in hormonal, inflammatory, growth factors, cell receptor signaling, diet, physical activity, and the microbiome of the prostate that leads to cellular proliferation. While current pharmaceutical or surgical treatments are currently available, each treatment has serious side effects. This dilemma has motived men to seek treatment without negative side effects from medicinal plants such as botanicals, phytochemicals, and vitamins that have established safety records. This narrative overview focuses on several botanicals, phytochemicals and vitamins that are widely used in the treatment of BPH and emphasizes how, in some cases, combinations of these natural ingredients may provide better BPH symptom relief compared to utilization of a single medicinal plant product (monotherapy). Finally, this overview highlights in vitro, in vivo animal studies and mainly clinical data of journal reports published in the past 5 years from January 2018 to January 2023 on BPH and nutraceuticals. Notably, there is an evolving perspective or rethinking of the role that medicinal phytochemicals and natural vitamins usage play; that is, they may hold promise or are likely to alleviate BPH symptoms.

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Molecular Mechanism of β-Sitosterol and its Derivatives in Tumor Progression

Cited by 52 publications

References 94 publications

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

Quantitative comparison and rapid discrimination of Panax notoginseng powder and Caulis clematidis armandii using NMR combined with pattern recognition

Overview of BPH: Symptom Relief with Dietary Polyphenols, Vitamins and Phytochemicals by Nutraceutical Supplements with Implications to the Prostate Microbiome

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