Molecular Mechanisms of Curcumin in COVID-19 Treatment and Prevention: A Global Health Perspective

Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) has a near 4000-year history of extensive medical use in South Asia. Its main physiologically active phytochemical is curcumin (diferuloylmethane), derived from the rhizome of turmeric. Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol with a diketone moiety connecting two phenoxy rings. It is widely available, and exerts systemic and pleiotropic effects via several key mechanisms. Most famously, it is known to inhibit pro-inflammatory pathways such as PI3k/akt/NF-kB activation. It is also a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger via a sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanism in ionizing solvents due to its extended conjugating ability across the entire molecule, and its ability to induce NRF-2. It has been implicated in the treatment of diseases ranging from asthma to various cancers, and is also a broad spectrum anti-microbial. COVID-19 is a novel beta-coronavirus that was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March, 2020. It is primarily a respiratory disorder, but it can spread hematogenously and effect many other organs such as the heart, nervous system, and kidneys. There is a significant intersection between the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and curcumin’s therapeutic effects. In addition, curcumin has been shown to inhibit initial viral infectivity. Thus, there is potential for curcumin to safely both prevent and treat COVID-19 infection across the globe.

High-Diluted-Biomedicines Turmeric Extract (TE) act as Preventive Policy- Developer-Potential-21st-Century-Pandemic COVID 19 Vaccines: Achieved Community-Communication-Medicine-Science-Applications-Public-Health-Ecology-Green-Technology-Innovations–Economy-Social-Welfare-Issues!

“…The thirty children are infected to post-COVID-19 Multisystem Infl ammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) in the control area. But it absolutely was interesting that under the 20 people showed as passive coronavirus carrier with absolute recovery in the 11-slum sample area, and it had been remarkable that no reinfection occurs within the middle and early cohort of all relations thanks to the consequences of biomedicine, TE or TMT, long-lasting potential immunity because of the presence of potential, effective and active phytochemical-constituents in curcumin of turmeric, etc., are signifi cantly active against COVID-19 [1,2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]28,29,33,35,37,40,41,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. So, this preventive treatment measures revealed that high-diluted-internal-potential-biomedicine, TE, or TMT, are highly effective in controlling diseases by boosting resistance against coronavirus with no side effects.…”

“…So, this preventive treatment measures revealed that high-diluted-internal-potential-biomedicine, TE, or TMT, are highly effective in controlling diseases by boosting resistance against coronavirus with no side effects. During the 2nd phase of the pandemic of the 11-slum area of Purba Bardhaman, the "Burdwan Green Haunter, and Students' Goal"-NGO, actively involved for awareness regarding the medication with covid-protocol, and that they also reported that the 2nd phase-COVID-19 reinfection within the slum from the 11th September 2020 to 17th July 2021, no active or severe COVID-19 middle-aged patient is shown within the 11-core-NGO-activity slum, except within the Aatagarh of Burdwan-II, where two MIS-C children of post-COVID-19 positive infection, and admitted within the hospital, and recovered, but out of 30, one died in another area [1,2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]28,29,33,35,37,40,41,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. On the opposite hand, within the non-experimental control area (In Figure…”

“…It's reported that the potential therapeutic effect of turmeric contents against SARS-CoV-2 compared with experimental COVID-19 therapies, forming 'Wonder Drug as a safety measure for COVID19 Management' because of presence of various immune-boosting phytochemicals i.e. promising potential treatment methods or role of curcumin against this viral diseases or next promising nanosystems antiviral alternatives or the molecular mechanistic insights with relevance host-pathogen interaction and immunomodulation, and therefore the curcumin interact with S protein of SARS CoV2 and ACE2 of human plasma membrane insights from computational studies, and therefore the curcumin-piperine supplementation on clinical signs, duration, severity, and infl ammatory factors in patients with COVID-19 in a very structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial, and it has proved the near 4000-year history of in-depth medical use in South Asia from the 'Golden Spice, Turmeric, Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine' [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. But it's created many problems regarding application costeffectiveness, and environmental friendliness, and biodiversity conservation.…”

“…The paper is usually well written and structured. Overall, the results are clear and that it approve of its publication[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]63].…”

Potential Role of Curcumin as a Treatment Option for Covid-19: A Review

“…In Wuhan, China on December 2019 for the first-time nCoV19 was discovered which was later on announced a pandemic by world health organization. Generally it is a respiratory disease, which also acts on other organ systems like cardiovascular system, kidneys as well as nervous system (Roberts et al, 2020). COVID-19 is 96.5% alike to bat coronavirus RaTG13, which means bats might be the host of the virus and recognized to be passed on via close proximity and air droplets (Babaei et al, 2020;Guo et al, 2020).…”