Molecular mechanisms of the shrimp clotting system

Maningas, Mary Beth B.; Kondo, Hidehiro; Hirono, Ikuo

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.09.018

Cited by 66 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In crustaceans, the clotting process is mainly mediated by transglutaminase to induce clotting protein polymerization in the presence of calcium ions (Maningas et al, 2013). Aside from its function in the clotting process, TGase is also involved in the regulation of some AMPs in shrimp (Fagutao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Crustacean Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustacean hemolymph microbiota: Endemic, tightly controlled, and utilization expectable

Wang

2015

Molecular Immunology

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Section: Crustacean Humoral Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustacean hemolymph microbiota: Endemic, tightly controlled, and utilization expectable

Wang

2015

Molecular Immunology

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“…The shrimp immune system relies solely on the primitive innate immune response that includes humoral and cellular responses against infectious agents12345. However, evidences of the invertebrate immune system’s capability of discriminating between pathogen at species and even strain level refute the notion that invertebrate innate immune system is naïve in every infection even with the same pathogen6789.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen recognition of a novel C-type lectin from Marsupenaeus japonicus reveals the divergent sugar-binding specificity of QAP motif

Alenton

Koiwai

Miyaguchi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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C-type lectins (CTLs) are calcium-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins known to assist the innate immune system as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The binding specificity of CTLs lies in the motif of their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), the tripeptide motifs EPN and QPD bind to mannose and galactose, respectively. However, variants of these motifs were discovered including a QAP sequence reported in shrimp believed to have the same carbohydrate specificity as QPD. Here, we characterized a novel C-type lectin (MjGCTL) possessing a CRD with a QAP motif. The recombinant MjGCTL has a calcium-dependent agglutinating capability against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and its sugar specificity did not involve either mannose or galactose. In an encapsulation assay, agarose beads coated with rMjGCTL were immediately encapsulated from 0 h followed by melanization at 4 h post-incubation with hemocytes. These results confirm that MjGCTL functions as a classical CTL. The structure of QAP motif and carbohydrate-specificity of rMjGCTL was found to be different to both EPN and QPD, suggesting that QAP is a new motif. Furthermore, MjGCTL acts as a PRR binding to hemocytes to activate their adherent state and initiate encapsulation.

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“…The hyaline cell released transglutaminase to react with coagulogen in the presence of calcium ions, and then surrounding the nucleus of rupture hyaline cells to form a thick 'Watery colloid', and granular cells and semi-granular cells will be wrapped in it. Finally, this polymer was agglutinated leading to blood clots and the completion of blood coagulation (Fuller & Doolittle 1971;Lorand & Conrad 1984;Omori, Martin & Hose 1989;Osaki & Kawabata 2004;Maningas, Kondo & Hirono 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects ofVibrio harveyion plasma clotting protein (coagulogen) of white shrimpLitopenaeus vannamei

et al. 2015

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Blood clotting exhibits various important functions, including the prevention of body fluid loss and invasion of pathogens in shrimp. The effects of pathogenic Vibrio harveyi on plasma of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in vitro and in vivo were investigated in this study. The clotting protein (coagulogen) in plasma of white shrimp pre‐incubated with extracellular products (ECP) of V. harveyi was found apparently decreased and fast‐migrated in crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) gels. In addition, the coagulogen had been degraded to many low molecular‐weight protein bands in plasma pre‐incubated with ECP on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) gels. When pre‐challenged with bacterial cells and ECP of V. harveyi, the white shrimp began to die at about 30 and 16 h respectively. Moreover, plasma coagulogen was decreased more obvious in shrimp challenged with ECP than that with bacterial cells as visualized in CIE gels, and total plasma protein in both group of shrimp were all decreased. Haemolymph withdrawn from moribund shrimp pre‐challenged with V. harveyi or its ECP was observed unclottable. However, the addition of clotting factors (transglutaminase and/or Ca2+) to these unclottable plasma could apparently promote their re‐clotting ability as jelly‐like solid observed in microtubes. The recovery of clotting ability of plasma from moribund shrimp was due to the reformation of coagulogen (200 kDa) after adding the two clotting factors as shown on CIE and SDS‐PAGE gels. The present results suggest that the infection of V. harveyi in white shrimp may not only degrade coagulogen but also influence the presence of transglutaminase and Ca2+ ion.

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Molecular mechanisms of the shrimp clotting system

Cited by 66 publications

References 62 publications

Crustacean hemolymph microbiota: Endemic, tightly controlled, and utilization expectable

Crustacean hemolymph microbiota: Endemic, tightly controlled, and utilization expectable

Pathogen recognition of a novel C-type lectin from Marsupenaeus japonicus reveals the divergent sugar-binding specificity of QAP motif

Effects ofVibrio harveyion plasma clotting protein (coagulogen) of white shrimpLitopenaeus vannamei

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