Molecular memories in the regulation of seasonal flowering: from competence to cessation

Bratzel, Fabian; Turck, Franziska

doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0770-6

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…We saw no significant effect of 5-azaC on flowering time, a significant effect of photoperiod on the trait, and a marginally significant interaction between the two ( Table 3). The fact that there was no main effect of hypomethylation on flowering time is somewhat surprising given the fact epigenetics plays a key role in the regulation of flowering time [47], and that 5-azaC hypomethylation has previously been shown to alter this trait in Arabidopsis thaliana [12]. While this may appear to present conflicting evidence, a closer look at the populations assessed in the respective studies reveals a more nuanced picture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental Treatment with a Hypomethylating Agent Alters Life History Traits and Fitness in Brassica rapa

2018

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Epigenetic modifications to DNA can be inherited and may play a key role in evolution, with epigenetic influences on life history traits such as the timing of germination and flowering thought to be particularly important in plants. However, few studies have examined the effects of epigenetic modifications through experimental alteration of the methylome under differential growth conditions. In this study, we chemically induced global DNA hypomethylation using 5-azacytidine in three Brassica rapa plant populations differing in life history characteristics and under differing photoperiod treatments. We found that our 5-azacytidine treatment affected the timing of germination and that this effect differed across populations, with the treatment delaying germination in B. rapa Fast Plants, which have been artificially selected for rapid cycling, but accelerating germination in biennials. Rapid cycling B. rapa plants also were smaller and had lower reproductive fitness under the experimental demethylation treatment. There was no main effect of demethylation or photoperiod on flowering time, but the interaction was marginally significant, indicating that demethylation effects on flowering time depend on photoperiod. These results demonstrate that epigenetic modifications can influence phenotypic traits in ways that are dependent on genetic identity, life history, and light availability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental Treatment with a Hypomethylating Agent Alters Life History Traits and Fitness in Brassica rapa

2018

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“…The inactivation process is achieved, in practice, through the spreading of repressive histone modifications, which turn the chromosome into a transcriptionally silenced Barr body [7][8][9]. This is an example of an "epigenetic switch," a term that generically refers to the up or down regulation of specific genes in response to, e.g., seasonal changes [10][11][12], dietary restrictions [13], aging [14], or parental imprinting [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer model with Epigenetic Recoloring Reveals a Pathway for the de novo Establishment and 3D Organization of Chromatin Domains

2016

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One of the most important problems in development is how epigenetic domains can first be established, and then maintained, within cells. To address this question, we propose a framework that couples threedimensional chromatin folding dynamics to a "recoloring" process modeling the writing of epigenetic marks. Because many intrachromatin interactions are mediated by bridging proteins, we consider a "two-state" model with self-attractive interactions between two epigenetic marks that are alike (either active or inactive). This model displays a first-order-like transition between a swollen, epigenetically disordered phase and a compact, epigenetically coherent chromatin globule. If the self-attraction strength exceeds a threshold, the chromatin dynamics becomes glassy, and the corresponding interaction network freezes. By modifying the epigenetic read-write process according to more biologically inspired assumptions, our polymer model with recoloring recapitulates the ultrasensitive response of epigenetic switches to perturbations and accounts for long-lived multidomain conformations, strikingly similar to the topologically associating domains observed in eukaryotic chromosomes.

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“…The inactivation process is achieved, in practice, through the spreading of repressive histone modifications, which turn the chromosome into a transcriptionally silenced Barr body [7][8][9]. This is an example of an "epigenetic switch", a term which generically refers to the up or down-regulation of specific genes in response to, e.g., seasonal changes [10][11][12], dietary restrictions [13], aging [14] or parental imprinting [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polymer Model with Epigenetic Recolouring Reveals a Pathway for thede novoEstablishment and 3D organisation of Chromatin Domains

Michieletto

Orlandini²,

Marenduzzo

2016

Preprint

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One of the most important problems in development is how epigenetic domains can be first established, and then maintained, within cells. To address this question, we propose a framework which couples 3D chromatin folding dynamics, to a "recolouring" process modeling the writing of epigenetic marks. Because many intra-chromatin interactions are mediated by bridging proteins, we consider a "two-state" model with self-attractive interactions between two epigenetic marks which are alike (either active or inactive). This model displays a first-order-like transition between a swollen, epigenetically disordered, phase, and a compact, epigenetically coherent, chromatin globule. If the self-attraction strength exceeds a threshold, the chromatin dynamics becomes glassy, and the corresponding interaction network freezes. By modifying the epigenetic read-write process according to more biologically-inspired assumptions, our polymer model with recolouring recapitulates the ultrasensitive response of epigenetic switches to perturbations, and accounts for long-lived multi-domain conformations, strikingly similar to the topologically-associating-domains observed in eukaryotic chromosomes.

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Molecular memories in the regulation of seasonal flowering: from competence to cessation

Cited by 61 publications

References 124 publications

Experimental Treatment with a Hypomethylating Agent Alters Life History Traits and Fitness in Brassica rapa

Experimental Treatment with a Hypomethylating Agent Alters Life History Traits and Fitness in Brassica rapa

Polymer model with Epigenetic Recoloring Reveals a Pathway for the de novo Establishment and 3D Organization of Chromatin Domains

A Polymer Model with Epigenetic Recolouring Reveals a Pathway for thede novoEstablishment and 3D organisation of Chromatin Domains

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