Molecular, morphological, and ecological niche differentiation of sympatric sister oak species, <i>Quercus virginiana</i> and <i>Q. geminata</i> (Fagaceae)

Cavender‐Bares, Jeannine; Pahlich, Annette

doi:10.3732/ajb.0800315

Cited by 102 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Thus, larger body size may be advantageous for females ovipositing into Q. geminata leafs. As well, soil moisture and pH [10] also differ between the two oak species and environments may select for different root gall morphologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent host-plant use promotes reproductive isolation among cynipid gall wasp populations

et al. 2012

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Ecological speciation occurs when reproductive isolation evolves as a consequence of divergent natural selection among environments. A direct prediction of this process is that ecologically divergent pairs of populations will exhibit greater reproductive isolation than ecologically similar pairs of populations. By comparing allopatric populations of the cynipid gall wasp Belonocnema treatae infesting Quercus virginiana and Quercus geminata, we tested the role that divergent host use plays in generating ecological divergence and sexual isolation. We found differences in body size and gall structure associated with divergent host use, but no difference in neutral genetic divergence between populations on the same or different host plant. We observed significant assortative mating between populations from alternative host plants but not between allopatric populations on the same host plant. Thus, we provide evidence that divergent host use promotes speciation among gall wasp populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent host-plant use promotes reproductive isolation among cynipid gall wasp populations

et al. 2012

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“…Liebl., a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the same COL gene, was identified as significantly associated with bud burst along an altitudinal gradient [20]. Latitudinal and altitudinal gradients, as well as local environmental conditions such as water availability, have been shown to impact bud burst timing in other oak species [21,22]. Quercus rubra and Q. ellipsoidalis seedlings grown in a common garden exhibited differences in bud burst timing and leaf fall over two consecutive years [23] although this did not hold in natural populations of the same provenance [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Variation and Introgression of a CONSTANS-Like Gene in North American Red Oaks

Lind-Riehl

Gailing

2016

Forests

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Oaks provide a model system to study maintenance of species identity by divergent selection since they maintain morphological differences and ecological adaptations despite interspecific hybridization. The genome of closely related interfertile oak species was shown to be largely homogeneous, with a few genomic areas exhibiting high interspecific differentiation possibly as result of strong divergent selection. Previously, a genic microsatellite was identified as under strong divergent selection, being nearly fixed on alternative alleles in the two interfertile North American red oak species: Quercus rubra L. and Quercus ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill. Further genotyping in two other red oak species-Quercus velutina Lam. and Quercus coccinea Münchh.-revealed a similar bias for the Q. ellipsoidalis-specific allele. To further elucidate the basis of this differentiation, we sequenced the microsatellite in individuals from all four red oak species. Sequence variability was observed in the microsatellite motif which encodes a poly-Q repeat in a COL gene involved in phenology and growth. Furthermore, in neighboring (parapatric) Q. rubra/Q. ellipsoidalis populations, introgression of the Q. ellipsoidalis-specific allele into Q. rubra occurred at a lower rate than introgression of the Q. rubra-specific allele into Q. ellipsoidalis despite symmetric interspecific gene flow, indicating potential adaptive introgression. Introgression of adaptive alleles can be an important mechanism for rapid adaptation to new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change).

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“…The first one indicates that coexistence could be promoted by being temporally separated in their growth stages (i.e. acorn maturity and seedling establishment at different moments of the year) (Cavender-Bares and Pahlich 2009;Olvera-Vargas et al 2010;Pérez-López et al 2013) or by exploiting different areas of the soil water-table depth (López-Barrera et al 2006;Pérez-López et al 2013). Another hypothesis is that one of the species could get advantage from the presence of the other by positive synergic effects, which could promote the establishment and survival of both species in the same site (Chávez-Vergara and García-Oliva 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other side within communities, it is thought that species coexistence is promoted if they have a contrasting resource use strategy, are temporally separated at some point of their life stage, (Nakashizuka, 2001;Silvertown, 2004;Cavender-Bares and Pahlich 2009) or develop positive synergic effects between each other (Kaye et al 2000;Gartner and Cardon 2004;Chávez-Vergara et al 2014;2015). Recently, it was detected that the association of two oak species produce higher nutrient availability, which resulted advantageous for one of the species (Chávez-Vergara et al 2014;2015).…”

Section: Patrones De Distribución De Nueve Especies De Quercus a Lo Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, nutrient availability and fire regime, topography, soil and altitude frequency have influenced oak distribution (Abrams, 1990;2003;Cavender-Bares et al 2004;Meave et al 2006;Olvera-Vargas et al 2010;Rodríguez-Trejo and Myers 2010;de la Riva et al 2014). However, it is still unknown if these patterns of oak distribution hold at regional scales.On the other side within communities, it is thought that species coexistence is promoted if they have a contrasting resource use strategy, are temporally separated at some point of their life stage, (Nakashizuka, 2001;Silvertown, 2004;Cavender-Bares and Pahlich 2009) or develop positive synergic effects between each other (Kaye et al 2000;Gartner and Cardon 2004;Chávez-Vergara et al 2014;2015). Recently, it was detected that the association of two oak species produce higher nutrient availability, which resulted advantageous for one of the species (Chávez-Vergara et al 2014;2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Patterns of distribution of nine Quercus species along an environmental gradient in a fragmented landscape in central Mexico

et al. 2016

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Elucidating the factors determining plant distribution is still on discussion. It has been stated that the distribution is mostly determined by environmental factors, but the evidence on whether this or other processes are the determinants remains inconclusive. In the present study, we hypothesized that oak species differ in their distribution, which might be mostly influence by the environment. Particularly, we explored: i) the patterns of distribution of Quercus species at a landscape scale; ii) the climatic, soil and topographic factors that might determine their distribution, and iii) the degree of association between the species within fragments. The study included the analysis of 78 oak forest fragments at the Cuitzeo lake Basin in Michoacán state, Mexico in which nine oak species were registered. The species showed clear differences in their distribution; three groups of oak species that differ significantly in their spatial arrangement were detected with a NMDS (Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling) analysis. We observed a relationship between oak species distribution with temperature and precipitation. In particular, Q. candicans, Q. crassipes and Q. rugosa were frequently distributed at sites with higher rainfall and lower temperature; in contrast, Q. deserticola, Q. gentryi and Q. glaucoides were at more arid areas. We found associations between pairs of oak species; the most recurrent one was between species from the Quercus and the Lobatae sections. Overall, the pattern of distribution among oak species was determined by environmental factors, which suggests that they partition their habitat to avoid competition for resources. Key words: coexistence, ecological niche, habitat fragmentation, patterns of distribution, oaks. Patrones de distribución de nueve especies de Quercus a lo largo de un gradiente ambiental en un paisaje fragmentado del centro de México ResumenElucidar los factores que determinan la distribución de las plantas todavía se encuentra en debate. Se ha dicho que la distribución es principalmente determinada por factores ambientales, pero la evidencia de si estos u otros procesos son los más determinantes aún no es concluyente. En el presente estudio, se predijo que las especies de Quercus difieren en su distribución, y está principalmente determinada por el ambiente. En particular, se exploró: i) los patrones de distribución de especies de Quercus en una escala de paisaje; ii) si los factores climáticos, edáficos y topográficos determinan su distribución; y iii) el grado de asociación entre especies dentro de los fragmentos. En este estudio se censaron 78 fragmentos de encinares en la Cuenca de Cuitzeo en el estado de Michoacán, México, en los cuales se registraron nueve especies de encinos. Las especies mostraron claras diferencias en su distribución; tres grupos de especies de Quercus que difieren significativamente en su arreglo espacial fueron detectados con un análisis NMDS (Escalamiento Multidimensional No-métrico). Así mismo, se observó una relación entre la distribució...

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Molecular, morphological, and ecological niche differentiation of sympatric sister oak species, Quercus virginiana and Q. geminata (Fagaceae)

Cited by 102 publications

References 67 publications

Divergent host-plant use promotes reproductive isolation among cynipid gall wasp populations

Divergent host-plant use promotes reproductive isolation among cynipid gall wasp populations

Adaptive Variation and Introgression of a CONSTANS-Like Gene in North American Red Oaks

Patterns of distribution of nine Quercus species along an environmental gradient in a fragmented landscape in central Mexico

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