Molecular Motors: Synthetic DNA‐Based Walkers Inspired by Kinesin

Kelly, T. Ross

doi:10.1002/anie.200500568

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…1 Myosin V is a two-headed molecular motor that walks along actin filament for cargo transportation inside living cells. 3,4 Biological studies, particularly single-molecule experiments over the last decade have reached a consensus mechanistic picture for myosin V motor's molecular mechanisms. Each head of myosin V motor consists of an N-terminal, globular motor domain responsible for ATPase activity and actin-binding activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive physical mechanism of two-headed biomotor myosin V

Xu¹,

Wang²

2009

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Two-headed biomotor myosin V autonomously coordinates its two identical heads in fuel consumption and mechanical stepping, so that the dimerized motor as a whole gains the capability of processive, unidirectional movement along cytoskeletal filament. How the dimer-level functions like sustained direction rectification and autonomous coordination emerge out of physical principles poses an outstanding question pertinent to motor protein biology as well as the nascent field of bioinspired nanomotors. Here the comprehensive physical mechanism for myosin V motor is identified by a dimer-level free-energy analysis that is methodologically calibrated against experimental data. A hallmark of the identified mechanism is a mechanically mediated symmetry breaking that occurs at the dimer level and prevails against ubiquitous thermal fluctuations. Another character is the onset of substantial free-energy gaps between major dimer-track binding configurations. The symmetry breaking is the basis for myosin V's directional rectification, and the energy gaps facilitate autonomous head-head coordination. The mechanism explains the experimental finding that myosin V makes ATP-independent consecutive steps under high opposing loads but not under pushing loads. Interestingly, myosin V and another major biomotor kinesin 1 are found to share essentially the same core mechanism but for distinctly different working regimes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In fact, some man-made molecular motors rectified a directional movement by the use of chemically different heads or by a burn-the-bridge strategy. From physics perspective, some important questions remain unanswered concerning myosin V's directional rectification and head-head coordination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive physical mechanism of two-headed biomotor myosin V

Xu¹,

Wang²

2009

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…It can be noted that the cargo resembles a bucket being passed along a bucket brigade more than a walker [12]. Unidirectionality in these systems is achieved by simply destroying the track that the cargo has passed over, in a sort of burning bridges process.…”

Section: Walkers and Related Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA‐Based Nanomachines

Balzani

Venturi

2008

Molecular Devices and Machines

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Since the 1940s, it has been known that the genetic heritage of living organisms is stored in DNA molecules. The Watson-Crick model of the double helix [1], proposed in 1953 on the basis of X-ray diffraction data [2], provided the first understanding of the structural features of DNA as well as of the molecular mechanisms of its replication and recombination. These discoveries strongly influenced many fields of science and technology and exhibited a broad impact on culture in general. As a matter of fact, the DNA double helix has become the most popular icon of science [3].The perception of DNA as a physical object underwent an important change in the early 1980s, when it was proposed [4] that DNA molecules could play as building blocks for assembling nanoscale materials and devices by exploiting the highly specific interactions between the base pairs. A few years later it was shown that base pairing in DNA molecules could also be used to process complex information [5].As the specific interactions between two nucleic acid strands can be programmed into their base sequence, made-to-order DNA with predetermined recognition properties can be synthesized. This possibility, combined with the mechanical features of single-and double-stranded DNA, opens the way to the design and construction of artificial nanosystems with specific structural and/or functional properties [6]. For these reasons, and because nucleic acids are in general easier to be chemically synthesized and more convenient to handle than proteins, DNA (and to a minor extent RNA) has been preferentially used for the assembly of functional nanomaterials. In this chapter we will recall some basic features of DNA as a nanoscale building block and describe a few selected examples of artificial molecular systems made of DNA that can be regarded as simple mechanical machines. For more details, several excellent reviews about the use of DNA for obtaining nanoscale static structures [6-10] and dynamic devices [6,7c,10-14] can be found in the literature. DNA devices used for information processing have been described in Section 9.8.

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“…Furthermore,t he 2D polymers obtained so far by these approaches are not water-soluble,w hich might restrict some of their applications.T of urther explore the potential of this fascinating class of materials,a lternative synthetic strategies are in demand. [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] [11,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Moreover,the DNAdouble helix serves as awell-established and widely used scaffold for the self-assembly of sophisticated objects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Responsive Two‐Dimensional Polymers via Self‐Assembled DNA Networks

Alexander

Aschauer

et al. 2017

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Despite a growing interest in two-dimensional polymers, their rational synthesis remains a challenge. The solution-phase synthesis of a two-dimensional polymer is reported. A DNA-based monomer self-assembles into a supramolecular network, which is further converted into the covalently linked two-dimensional polymer by anthracene dimerization. The polymers appear as uniform monolayers, as shown by AFM and TEM imaging. Furthermore, they exhibit a pronounced solvent responsivity. The results demonstrate the value of DNA-controlled self-assembly for the formation of two-dimensional polymers in solution.

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Molecular Motors: Synthetic DNA‐Based Walkers Inspired by Kinesin

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Comprehensive physical mechanism of two-headed biomotor myosin V

Comprehensive physical mechanism of two-headed biomotor myosin V

DNA‐Based Nanomachines

Synthesis of Responsive Two‐Dimensional Polymers via Self‐Assembled DNA Networks

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