2012
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1117412109
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Molecular MRI enables early and sensitive detection of brain metastases

Abstract: Metastasis to the brain is a leading cause of cancer mortality. The current diagnostic method of gadolinium-enhanced MRI is sensitive only to larger tumors, when therapeutic options are limited. Earlier detection of brain metastases is critical for improved treatment. We have developed a targeted MRI contrast agent based on microparticles of iron oxide that enables imaging of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Our objectives here were to determine whether VCAM-1 is up-regulated on vessels … Show more

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Cited by 129 publications
(144 citation statements)
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“…To investigate this process, we first examined the ability of 4T-1 cancer cells to form GJs and transfer calcein orange dye to a monolayer of cultured EA.hy926 human endothelial cells in vitro (Bauer et al, 1992). 4T-1 is a well-studied mouse breast cancer cell line that readily metastasizes to the brain and other organs (Serres et al, 2012;Tao et al, 2008;Pulaski and Ostrand-Rosenberg, 2001). 4T-1 cells are known to express Cx43 and low levels of Cx26 ( Fig.…”
Section: Connexin Expression In Breast Cancer and Melanoma Patients Cmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To investigate this process, we first examined the ability of 4T-1 cancer cells to form GJs and transfer calcein orange dye to a monolayer of cultured EA.hy926 human endothelial cells in vitro (Bauer et al, 1992). 4T-1 is a well-studied mouse breast cancer cell line that readily metastasizes to the brain and other organs (Serres et al, 2012;Tao et al, 2008;Pulaski and Ostrand-Rosenberg, 2001). 4T-1 cells are known to express Cx43 and low levels of Cx26 ( Fig.…”
Section: Connexin Expression In Breast Cancer and Melanoma Patients Cmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…29 Similarly, in the brain, VCAM-1 was not initially evident but was detected soon after adhesion and has been proposed as a surrogate marker for the detection of brain metastasis. 30 In this study, we show that endothelial activation through both VCAM-1 and VAP-1 can contribute to the recruitment of myeloid cells that are essential for tumor cell survival. Inhibition of VCAM-1 or VAP-1 diminished lung colony formation by decreasing the recruitment of myeloid cells.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Along with the advance in medical imaging technology, a variety of noninvasive imaging modalities have been utilized to facilitate the early detection of cancer [5]. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is one of the powerful and non-invasive imaging techniques to obtain high resolution, three-dimensional body images [6][7][8]. However, small gadolinium (Gd) ion complexes serving as T 1 -weighted contrast agents in clinical MRI diagnosis frequently suffer from rapid renal clearance, non-specific tissue accumulation, and low contrast efficiency.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%