Molecular pathology of pulmonary edema in forensic autopsy cases with special regard to fatal hyperthermia and hypothermia

Wang, Qi; Ishikawa, Takaki; Michiue, Tomomi; Zhu, Bao‐Li; Guan, Dawei; Maeda, Hitoshi

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.007

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Postmortem imaging and molecular pathology are relatively more recent fields of research in the forensic setting and have shown encouraging results pertaining to the diagnosis of hypothermia [45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Aghayev et al [45] observed that postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed iliopsoas and back muscle hemorrhages to be easily identified, whereas Wischnewski spots remained undetected.…”

Section: Postmortem Imaging and Molecular Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations in molecular pathology performed in study populations including hypothermia fatalities revealed high messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins A and D (SP-A1b, SP-A2b, and SP-D), increased mRNA expression levels of intrapulmonary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (suggesting partial damage of extracellular matrix), and high mRNA expression levels of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in both left and right atrial and ventricular walls, possibly indicating persistent congestion and heart failure without substantial myocardial damage during cold exposure [49][50][51].…”

Section: Postmortem Imaging and Molecular Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postmortem diagnosis of hypothermia

2014

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The identification of hypothermia as the cause of death has always been somewhat problematic in forensic pathology because of unspecific, inconstant, or even negative macroscopic and microscopic findings. Though the simultaneous presence of frost erythema, Wischnewski spots, hemorrhages into the synovial membrane, bloody discoloration of synovial fluid of the knee, and basal vacuolization of the renal tubular epithelial cells has been indicated as strongly supportive of fatal hypothermia, their absence does not allow the diagnosis of hypothermia to be ruled out. Postmortem biochemical investigations are valuable in detecting adaptation responses to cold stress and metabolic changes that occur following cold exposure. However, ethanol intoxication prevents appearance of adaptation responses to cold, rendering the diagnosis less obvious. Immunohistochemistry, postmortem imaging, and molecular pathology have shown promising results, although at present, they do not provide pathognomonic signs of fatal hypothermia. The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature covering the significance of different postmortem investigations that are associated with hypothermia fatalities.

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Section: Postmortem Imaging and Molecular Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Postmortem Imaging and Molecular Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Postmortem diagnosis of hypothermia

2014

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“…Pulmonary edema fluid is usually considered to be nonspecific biological evidence regarding the cause of death determination in forensic autopsies because it is ubiquitous in forensic histopathological analysis. In fact, several studies have demonstrated that pulmonary edema fluid associated with different causes of death involves different specific biochemical and mRNA expression patterns . Unlike blood serum, one of the most common samples for biochemical and toxical tests in forensic investigations and that can easily be contaminated by the visible blood composition, pulmonary edema fluid is stored in the alveolar space and protected by the alveolar wall, which acts as a screen that excludes the visible blood composition (see Figure 3A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of causes of death via spectrochemical analysis of forensic autopsies‐based pulmonary edema fluid samples with deep learning algorithm

Lin

Luo

Sun

et al. 2020

Journal of Biophotonics

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This study investigated whether infrared spectroscopy combined with a deep learning algorithm could be a useful tool for determining causes of death by analyzing pulmonary edema fluid from forensic autopsies. A newly designed convolutional neural network-based deep learning framework, named DeepIR and eight popular machine learning algorithms, were used to construct classifiers. The prediction performances of these classifiers demonstrated that DeepIR outperformed the machine learning algorithms in establishing classifiers to determine the causes of death. Moreover, DeepIR wasgenerally less dependent on preprocessing procedures than were the machine learning algorithms; it provided the validation accuracy with a narrow range from 0.9661 to 0.9856 and the test accuracy ranging from 0.8774 to 0.9167 on the raw pulmonary edema fluid spectral dataset and the nine preprocessing protocolbased datasets in our study. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the deep learning-equipped Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique has the potential to be an effective aid for determining causes of death. K E Y W O R D S chemometrics, deep learning, forensic science, infrared spectroscopy, pulmonary edema fluid

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“…Worldwide interest exists in the field of pulmonary edema in forensic autopsy cases. A Japanese group dealt with the molecular pathology after trauma (5), and also after extreme ambient temperature (6). Other spheres of interest have included acute methadone poisoning 7, Enterovirus 71 (8), and triathletes immersion (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%