Molecular Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Breeding Kennel Dogs

Itoh, Naoyuki; Tanaka, H.; Iijima, Yuko; Kameshima, Satoshi; Kimura, Yuya

doi:10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.197

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Altogether, 94.3% (33/35) of the examined dogs positive for Cryptosporidium in our study were infected by the “dog type” C. canis . Analogous observations were made in studies examining breeding kennel dogs and sled dogs from Japan and Canada, respectively, in which C. canis was the only species found (Itoh et al 2019 ; Julien et al 2019 ). Furthermore, 48% of these samples (16/33) were successfully amplified targeting the GP60 gene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The varying prevalence values may reflect variable living conditions (e.g. kennel, breeder or private dogs) (Giangaspero et al 2006 ; Hamnes et al 2007 ; Palmer et al 2008 ; Gil et al 2017 ; Sauda et al 2018 ; Alves et al 2018 ; Itoh et al 2019 ; Julien et al 2019 ), but different sampling strategies and laboratory methods may contribute to this striking variation. In China and Brazil, prevalence was 6.9% and 10.4%, respectively, irrespective of keeping conditions (Li et al 2019 ; Homem et al 2019 ) which is quite close to the values found for Eastern Germany in the present study which may indicate that regional differences are not of great impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of a suitable cohort may considerably influence results of fecal analysis for the respective pathogen. Several studies have shown that young animals are more likely to have a Cryptosporidium infection than older ones (Hamnes et al 2007 ; Palmer et al 2008 ; Itoh et al 2019 ; Li et al 2019 ; Homem et al 2019 ). Hamnes et al ( 2007 ) found a significantly higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium in the 3- and 4-month-old groups of individual dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptosporidium infection in young dogs from Germany

2022

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Cryptosporidium is an enteric protozoan parasite which is able to cause severe gastrointestinal disease and is distributed all over the world. Since information about the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in German dogs is rare, the aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs and the potential zoonotic risk emanating from these infected animals. In total, 349 fecal samples of 171 dogs were collected during the dogs’ first year of life. The samples were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. using PCR, targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rRNA). Further analysis of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium canis positive samples was accomplished using the 60 kDa glycoproteine gene (GP60). Overall, 10.0% (35/349) of the specimens were tested positive for Cryptosporidium. Cryptosporidium canis was found in 94.3% (33/35) of these samples and the zoonotic type C. pavum in 5.7% (2/35). Both C. parvum infections were subtyped as IIaA15G2R1. Sixteen of the C. canis positive samples were successfully amplified at the GP60 gene locus. These isolates were identified to belong to the subtype families XXd, XXe, or XXb; however, 2 samples could not be assigned to any of the described subtype families. Considering the close contact between pets and their owners, dogs may act as a potential source of infection for human cryptosporidiosis. The results of this study, in context with other studies from different countries, provide important further insights into the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in dogs and their zoonotic potential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptosporidium infection in young dogs from Germany

2022

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“…This finding is comparable to the prevalences in Poland (2.0% for G. duodenalis) 41 , India (3.0% for G. duodenalis) 42 , the United States (2.0% and 3.8% for Cryptosporidium) 43,44 , China (3.8% and 4.9% for Cryptosporidium) 10,14 , Italy (3.3% for Cryptosporidium) 9 , Australia (2.5% for Blastocystis) 29 , Brazil (2.6% for Blastocystis) 31 , and France (3.4% for Blastocystis) 20 . However, higher prevalences of 21% of Cryptosporidium from Japan, 36.5% of G. duodenalis from Spain, and 37.5% of Blastocystis from Colombia were also previously found in dogs 22,24,33 . Aside from geographical considerations, many factors can contribute to this difference in the prevalence, including a dog's age, origin, health status, and examination methods used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Occurrence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. in household, shelter, breeding, and pet market dogs in Guangzhou, southern China

Liao¹,

Lin²,

Sun

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. are common intestinal protozoans that infect humans and animals worldwide. A survey that assessed the prevalence, molecular characteristics, and zoonotic potential of these pathogens was conducted on a variety of dogs in Guangzhou, southern China. A total of 651 canine stool samples from household (n = 199), shelter (n = 149), breeding (n = 237), and pet market dogs (n = 66) were collected from eight districts in Guangzhou. Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. were detected by PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene. Giardia duodenalis-positive specimens were further assigned into assemblages using the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. were found in 21 (3.2%), 20 (3.1%), and 35 (5.4%) samples, respectively. The overall prevalence of shelter dogs (40.28%, 60/149) was significantly higher than that of household (3.0%, 6/199), breeding (2.1%, 5/237), and pet market dogs (7.5%, 5/66) (χ2 = 154.72, df = 3, P < 0.001). Deworming in the past 12 months had a strong protective effect on the risk of contracting parasite infections (P < 0.001). No significant differences were detected between age or sex groups (P > 0.05). Dog-specific C. canis (n = 19) and zoonotic C. parvum (n = 2) were the only two Cryptosporidium species. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of three G. duodenalis assemblages: dog-specific assemblages D (n = 14) and C (n = 5), and cat-specific F (n = 1). Zoonotic Blastocystis ST3 (n = 28) was the dominant subtype, followed by ST1 (n = 6) and ST10 (n = 1). To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale investigation on the occurrence and molecular characteristics of Blastocystis sp. in dogs in China. Our results indicated that the dogs seemed to play a negligible role as reservoirs for Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis transmission to humans, but they are potential novel suitable hosts of Blastocystis sp. A strict sentinel surveillance system of dogs should be established to minimise the zoonotic risk of spreading blastocystosis among humans and dogs.

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“…2014 [ 65 ] Tohoku ≤3 mo 471 pet shop puppies 149 (31.6) Kanto 98 veterinary nursing school dogs Kinki 2–11 yr 18 (18.4) Kyushu Okinawa Miyagi Niigata Gunma Shizuoka Aichi 2 mo–11 yr 314 breeding kennel dogs 66 (21) 1 C. canis Itoh et al . 2019 [ 66 ] Osaka NS 1 raccoon dog* 1 1 C. parvum cattle genotype This study was conducted at Osaka Municipal Tennoji Zoological Gardens Matsubayashi et al . 2004, 2005 [ 99 , 101 ] Cats Tokyo metropolitan Variable 608 23 (3.8) NS One year survey from February, 1988 to February, 1989 …”

Section: Reported Animal Cases Of Cryptosporidiosis Species Diversitmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Cryptosporidium</i> species and cryptosporidiosis in Japan: a literature review and insights into the role played by animals in its transmission

El-Alfy

Nishikawa

2020

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

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Cryptosporidium species infect domestic animals, livestock, and humans. These protozoan parasites are frequently reported as major environmental contaminants in many countries despite their differing climatic, socioeconomic, and demographic factors. This review focuses on the research findings that relate to Cryptosporidium epidemiology, genetic diversity, and associated risk factors relating to animals, contaminated water sources, and humans in Japan. Adequate knowledge of these factors is essential for understanding the economic and public health importance of cryptosporidiosis in Japan so that effective control strategies against it are implemented. Cryptosporidium infections are highly prevalent in animals in Japan. Among the different animal species, cattle infections stand out because of their economic importance and zoonotic potential. Living circumstances in Japan restrain Cryptosporidium transmission between humans, but there is evidence to suggest that animals, especially those in close contact with humans, can be potential sources of human infections. Water sampling studies have provided clues about how environmental contamination with Cryptosporidium oocysts can cause infections in livestock and wild animals. There is some evidence of personto-person transmission of cryptosporidiosis, but only occasionally and under certain circumstances. By identifying the major role played by animals in Cryptosporidium transmission to people in Japan, we highlight the urgent need for disease control against this pathogen.

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Molecular Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Breeding Kennel Dogs

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Cryptosporidium infection in young dogs from Germany

Cryptosporidium infection in young dogs from Germany

Occurrence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. in household, shelter, breeding, and pet market dogs in Guangzhou, southern China

<i>Cryptosporidium</i> species and cryptosporidiosis in Japan: a literature review and insights into the role played by animals in its transmission

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