Molecular Processes Involved in the Shared Pathways between Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes

Tokarek, Julita; Budny, Emilian; Saar, Maciej; Stańczak, Kamila; Wojtanowska, Ewa; Młynarska, Ewelina; Rysz, Jacek; Franczyk, Beata

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11102611

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 146 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that the vascular endothelial cells were exposed to high level of glucose developing lesions through multiple signaling pathways, including pathways associated with impaired endothelial functions [ 5 – 8 ] and inflammatory pathways [ 9 – 12 ]. Indeed, many studies have suggested that endothelial dysfunction was mainly resulted from inflammation, especially mediated by monocytes and macrophages [ 13 , 14 ]. After being produced and released into peripheral circulation by the bone marrow hematopoietic system, monocytes interact with endothelial cells to coordinate inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Monocyte‐to‐HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Zhang,

Lu,

Gao

et al. 2024

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Aims. To explore the relationship between monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) and endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods. 243 patients diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) quintile as nonendothelial dysfunction (FMD≥6.4%) and endothelial dysfunction (FMD<6.4%). The relationship between MHR and FMD was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation, partial correlation, and multiple logistic regression analysis. ROC curve was fitted to evaluate the ability of MHR to predict endothelial dysfunction. Results. Endothelial dysfunction was present in 193 (79%) patients. Patients with endothelial dysfunction had higher MHR (p<0.05) than those without endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, MHR had a significantly positive correlation with endothelial dysfunction (r=0.17, p<0.05), and the positive association persisted even after controlling for confounding factors (r=0.14, p<0.05). Logistic regression showed that MHR was an independent contributor for endothelial dysfunction (OR: 1.35 (1.08, 1.70), p<0.05) and the risk of endothelial dysfunction increases by 61% with each standard deviation increase in MHR (OR: 1.61 (1.12, 2.30), p<0.05) (model 1). After adjusting for sex, age, BMI, disease course, hypertension, smoking, and drinking (model 2) as well as HbA1c, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein, and TG (model 3), similar results were obtained. In ROC analysis, the area of under the ROC curve (AUC) for MHR was 0.60 (95% CI 0.52-0.69, p<0.05). Conclusion. MHR was independently associated with endothelial dysfunction in T2DM patients. It could be a new biomarker for vascular endothelial function assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Monocyte‐to‐HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Zhang,

Lu,

Gao

et al. 2024

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Cardioprotective effects of liposomal resveratrol in diabetic rats: unveiling antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits

Alanazi,

Alqinyah,

Alhamed

et al. 2024

Redox Report

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As a consequence of chronic hyperglycemia, diabetes complications and tissue damage are exacerbated. There is evidence that natural phytochemicals, including resveratrol, a bioactive polyphenol, may be able to reduce oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity. However, resveratrol's limited bioavailability hampers its therapeutic effectiveness. By using liposomes, resveratrol may be better delivered into the body and be more bioavailable. The objective of this study was to assess the cardioprotective potential of liposome-encapsulated resveratrol (LR) in a streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rat model. Adult male Wistar rats were categorized into five groups: control, diabetic, resveratrol-treated (40 mg/kg), liposomal resveratrol (LR)-treated (20 mg/kg) and liposomal resveratrol (LR)-treated (40 mg/kg) for a five-week study period. We compared the effects of LR to those of resveratrol (40 mg/kg) on various parameters, including serum levels of cardiac markers, tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear transcription factor, oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic markers. LR treatment in STZ-diabetic rats resulted in notable physiological improvements, including blood glucose regulation, inflammation reduction, oxidative stress mitigation, and apoptosis inhibition. LR effectively lowered oxidative stress and enhanced cardiovascular function. It also demonstrated a remarkable ability to suppress NF-kB-mediated inflammation by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Additionally, LR restored the antioxidant enzymes, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, thereby effectively counteracting oxidative stress. Notably, LR modulated apoptotic regulators, including caspase, Bcl2, and Bax, suggesting a role in regulating programmed cell death. These biochemical alterations were consistent with improved structural integrity of cardiac tissue as revealed by histological examination. In comparison, resveratrol exhibited lower efficacy at an equivalent dosage. Liposomal resveratrol shows promise in alleviating hyperglycemia-induced cardiac damage in diabetes. Further research is warranted to explore its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetic cardiovascular complications and possible cardioprotective effects.

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Pathogenetic basis of treating endothelial dysfunction with metformin in patients with diabetes (literature review and own data)

Sokolova,

Pushkarev,

Sokolova

et al. 2024

Mìžnarodnij endokrinologìčnij žurnal

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Cardiovascular disorders are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and their likelihood increases with the addition of risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Elevated blood sugar levels can lead to oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction, culminating in increased cardiovascular risk. Hyperglycemia adversely affects the cardiovascular system, it is a cause of micro- and macrovascular diseases. Harmful biochemical mechanisms of hyperglycemia are associated with the phenomenon of insulin resistance. Metformin (MF) reduces insulin resistance and, therefore, exerts an antihyperglycemic and insulin-lowering effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. MF, like hypolipidemic statins, also has an additional beneficial pleiotropic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect on the vascular system, in addition to its hypolipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects. Primary is the effect of MF on endothelial dysfunction, as endothelial integrity is a critical long-term determinant of vascular health and, therefore, the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. MF has a very simple chemical structure. The simple structure means that the development of new agents with similar or better properties and mechanisms of action is unlikely, so future use of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and therapeutic targeting data should be expected to unlock the full therapeutic potential of MF. This approach has recently been demonstrated using a sustained-release MF drug that acts in the distal intestine and exhibits intestinal hormone-dependent antihyperglycemic effect. There are virtually no hidden adverse effects for MF, so it has the potential to provide an effective and safe treatment for hyperglycemia in the future, particularly through its beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, including endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

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Molecular Processes Involved in the Shared Pathways between Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes

Cited by 4 publications

References 146 publications

Association of Monocyte‐to‐HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Association of Monocyte‐to‐HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Cardioprotective effects of liposomal resveratrol in diabetic rats: unveiling antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits

Pathogenetic basis of treating endothelial dysfunction with metformin in patients with diabetes (literature review and own data)

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