Molecular Properties and Functions of Humic Substances and Humic-Like Substances (HULIS) from Biomass and Their Transformation Products

Savy, Davide; Mazzei, Pierluigi; Nebbioso, Antonio; Δρόσος, Μάριος; Nuzzo, Assunta; Cozzolino, Vincenza; Spaccini, Riccardo; Piccolo, Alessandro

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41414-0_4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…However, by all means, LS is a valuable organic raw material, sharing similar properties with humic substances in terms of an aromatic core with carboxylic and phenolic functional groups. The appropriate Separations 2021, 8, 96 2 of 13 technological treatment of LS can result in the production of qualitative HP and contribute to the important environmental task of converting lignin-containing organic wastes [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Humic-Like Substances during the Technological Process of Lignohumate® Synthesis as a Function of Time

et al. 2021

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The composition, structure, and biological activity of humic-like substances (HLS) synthesized in the process of lignosulfonate conversion for the production of the humic product Lignohumate® (LH) were examined. It is shown that during the hydrolytic-oxidative process, the transformation of raw material and accumulation of HLS occur. Data on the chemical (elemental content, functional groups, FTIR) and spectral (absorbance and fluorescence) parameters and biological activity (in phytotest) combined with PCA show that the LH samples can be divided into three groups, depending on the duration of synthesis: initial raw material (0-time sample); “young” HLS (15–30 min), and “mature” HLS in 45–120 min of treatment. During the first 30 min, reactions similar to the ones that occur during lignin humification in nature take place: depolymerization, oxidative carboxylation, and further polycondensation with the formation and accumulation of HLS. After 45–60 min, the share of HLS reaches a maximum, and its composition stabilizes. Biological activity reaches a maximum after 45–60 min of treatment, and at that stage, the further synthesis process can be stopped. Further processing (up to 2 h and more) does not provide any added value to the humic product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Humic-Like Substances during the Technological Process of Lignohumate® Synthesis as a Function of Time

et al. 2021

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“…One of the main advantages of the 31 P-NMR technique is to enable both a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of different types of phenols contained in HLS (Granata and Argyropoulos, 1995;Savy et al, 2016b). In fact, it is possible to accurately estimate the content of lignin monomers, as well as that of condensed phenolic groups, thus providing a detailed molecular description of phenol-rich HLS.…”

Section: Chemical Features and Bioactivity Of The Different Hlsmentioning

confidence: 99%