Molecular proxies for paleoclimatology

Eglinton, Timothy I.; Eglinton, G.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.012

Cited by 503 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Consistent with the common use of ratios within the same compound class as proxies of environmental condition (e.g., Eglinton and Eglinton 2008), we identified ratios among the abundant Symbiodinium lipids that are sensitive to thermal stress.…”

Section: Symbiodinium Growing Within the Tentacles And Mesenterial Fisupporting

confidence: 48%

“…All of these methods provide useful information, and lipids offer an additional, currently underutilized window on Symbiodinium and coral stress. Lipids degrade slowly and have long been used as environmental and ecological biomarkers (Eglinton and Eglinton 2008). In addition, the present results indicate that lipids in coral Symbiodinium respond to thermal stress over ecologically relevant timescales and thus may provide unique insights for understanding the cause and mechanism of coral bleaching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

et al. 2013

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Lipid content and fatty acid profiles of corals and their dinoflagellate endosymbionts are known to vary in response to high temperature stress. To better understand the heat stress response in these symbionts, we investigated cultures of Symbiodinium goreauii type C1 and Symbiodinium clade subtype D1 grown under a range of temperatures and durations. The predominant lipids produced by Symbiodinium are palmitic (C16) and stearic (C18) saturated fatty acids and their unsaturated analogs, docosahexaenoic (C22:6, n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and a variety of sterols. The relative amount of unsaturated acids within the C18 fatty acids in Symbiodinium tissue decreases in response to thermal stress. Prolonged exposure to high temperature also causes a decrease in abundance of fatty acids relative to sterols. These shifts in fatty acids and sterols are common to both types C1 and D1, but the apparent thermal threshold of lipid changes is lower for type C1. This work indicates that ratios among free fatty acids and sterols in Symbiodinium can be used as sensitive indicators of thermal stress.If the Symbdionium lipid stress response is unchanged in hospite, the algal heat stress biomarkers we have identified could be measured to detect thermal stress within the coral holobiont.. These results provide new insights into the potential role of lipids in the overall Symbiodinium thermal stress response.

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Section: Symbiodinium Growing Within the Tentacles And Mesenterial Fisupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

et al. 2013

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“…For comparison, leaf wax n-alkanes from higher plants are usually isotopically well preserved in soils and sediments [e.g., Huang et al, 1997;Mazeas et al, 2002]. Consequently, although our results do not show significant differences between surface d 13 C SOM and d 13 C wax patterns, we suggest d 13 C wax for further studies, especially for paleoecological reconstructions, as have been done in numerous works [Eglinton and Eglinton, 2008].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Soil n‐alkane δ¹³C along a mountain slope as an integrator of altitude effect on plant species δ¹³C

Wei

Jia

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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Carbon isotopic compositions of leaf wax‐derived n‐alkanes (δ13Cwax) and bulk organic matter (δ13CSOM) in surface soils from ca. 1000 to 3800 m above sea level along Mount Gongga, China were investigated for their altitudinal variations. There is a breakpoint, suggesting a precipitation threshold, at 2050 m in both δ13Cwax and δ13CSOM trends. Above the threshold, δ13Cwax and δ13CSOM increase in a similar pattern of the average species‐level response to altitude reported from various humid mountainous areas. However, a significant decreasing trend with altitude occurs below the threshold, within which climate changes upward from arid to humid, consistent with plant foliar δ13C response to precipitation at water‐limited areas. Because δ13Cwax and δ13CSOM naturally integrate plant species and time, this work demonstrates that the altitude‐induced environmental impact on plant species‐level δ13C has been conveyed to soils, and that the species‐level δ13C could be linearly scaled up to the community level.

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“…Eglinton and Eglinton, 2008 and references therein). Long chain alkyl diols form one group with high biomarker potential; after their discovery in the 50 Black Sea (De Leeuw et al, 1981), they have been identified widespread in Quaternary sediments from low to high latitudes (Versteegh et al, 1997;2000 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of long chain 1,14-alkyl diols in marine sediments as indicators for upwelling and temperature

Rampen

Willmott

Kim

et al. 2014

Organic Geochemistry

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Long chain alkyl diols form a group of lipids occurring widely in marine environments.Recent studies have suggested several palaeoclimatological applications for proxies based on their distributions, but also revealed uncertainties about their applicability. Here we evaluate the use of long chain 1,14-alkyl diol indices for reconstruction of temperature and upwelling 25 conditions by comparing index values, obtained from a comprehensive set of marine surface sediments, with environmental factors like sea surface temperature (SST), salinity and nutrient concentrations. Previous cultivation efforts indicated a strong effect of temperature on the degree of saturation and the chain length distribution of long chain 1,14-alkyl diols in Proboscia spp., quantified in the diol saturation index (DSI) and diol chain length index 30 (DCI), respectively. However, values of these indices in surface sediments show no relationship with annual mean SST of the overlying water. It remains unknown what determines the DSI, although our data suggests that it may be affected by diagenesis, while the relationship between temperature and DCI may be different for different Proboscia species. In addition, contributions of algae other than Proboscia diatoms may affect both 35 indices, although our data provide no direct evidence for additional long chain 1,14-alkyl diol sources. Two other indices using the abundance of 1,14-diols vs. 1,13-diols and C30 1,15-diols IntroductionOver the last decades, an increasing number of lipids from marine environments has been identified and linked to their natural sources, and some of them are now being used as proxies for past climate conditions (e.g. Eglinton and Eglinton, 2008 and references therein). Long chain alkyl diols form one group with high biomarker potential; after their discovery in the 50 Black Sea (De Leeuw et al., 1981), they have been identified widespread in Quaternary sediments from low to high latitudes (Versteegh et al., 1997; 2000 and references therein).Cultured marine and freshwater eustigmatophyte algae produce series of long chain alkyl diols, consisting mainly of C28 -C32 1,13-and 1,15-diols (Volkman et al., 1999;. In the environment, a recent study on lipids and 18s rRNA genes in a freshwater lake has shown that 55 long chain alkyl diols are produced by eustigmatophytes in the surface waters of the lake (Villanueva et al., 2014). However, the role of eustigmatophytes as a source of marine long chain alkyl diols remains unclear. Reports of eustigmatophyte algae in marine environments are sparse and the long chain alkyl diol composition of marine eustigmatophytes does not match those of marine sediments (Volkman et al., 1992;Versteegh et al., 1997; Rampen et al., 60 2012). Despite uncertainties concerning their sources, recent work has indicated a strong correlation between sea surface temperatures (SST) and the fractional abundances of C28 1,13-, C30 1,13-and C30 1,15-diols in marine sediments. Based on this, a new temperature proxy, i.e. the long chain diol index...

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Molecular proxies for paleoclimatology

Cited by 503 publications

References 83 publications

Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

Soil n‐alkane δ¹³C along a mountain slope as an integrator of altitude effect on plant species δ¹³C

Evaluation of long chain 1,14-alkyl diols in marine sediments as indicators for upwelling and temperature

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Molecular proxies for paleoclimatology

Cited by 503 publications

References 83 publications

Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

Lipid biomarkers in Symbiodinium dinoflagellates: new indicators of thermal stress

Soil n‐alkane δ13C along a mountain slope as an integrator of altitude effect on plant species δ13C

Evaluation of long chain 1,14-alkyl diols in marine sediments as indicators for upwelling and temperature

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Soil n‐alkane δ¹³C along a mountain slope as an integrator of altitude effect on plant species δ¹³C