Molecular Reactor for Solution Chemistry

Abstract

It was for the first time demonstrated that in a tight and stable solid made of polysaccharides such as carrageenan and agarose containing water, electrochemical and photochemical reactions can take place the same as in pure water.

Solid type dye-sensitized solar cell using polysaccharide containing redox electrolyte solution

“…Our group has reported that small ions and molecules can diffuse freely in the aqueous phase of the polysaccharide containing excess water with almost the same diffusion coefficient as in an aqueous solution [6][7][8]. The water of a polysaccharide solid was substituted by an organic liquid containing I À /I À 3 redox electrolyte used in a dye-sensitized solar cell by soaking the solid/water into the I À /I À 3 redox electrolyte solution of AN/MOZ (1:1), and the conductivity was measured by alternating current impedance spectroscopy.…”

“…The present authors have reported that polysaccharides such as agarose (1) and j-carrageenan (2) can form a tight and elastic solid containing excess water, and that electrochemical and photochemical reactions can take place in the solid the same as in pure water [6]. The molecular diffusion [7] and ionic conductivity in this solid are almost the same as in liquid water [8], so that this solid can be used as an electrolyte medium instead of water for conventional electrochemistry and electrochemical measurement, and many devices.…”

Photoinduced Charge Separation in an Aqueous Phase Using Nanoporous TiO2 Film and a Quasi‐Solid Made of Natural Products

“…We have reported that polysaccharides such as agarose (1) and k-carrageenan (2) can form a tight and elastic solid which contains excess water, and that electrochemical and photochemical reactions can take place in the solid the same as in pure water. [8] We have expected that such an interesting solid, containing a large excess of water, could offer a solid-state aqueous medium for photoinduced charge separation, and now find that this quasi-solid state water works well as a medium; a stable performance was exhibited by the sensitized TiO 2 cell when using this solid as a medium instead of liquid water. In this report, photoinduced charge separation of the sensitized TiO 2 cell in the quasisolid was investigated in terms of photoelectrochemical characteristics.…”

Agarose-based hydrogel as an electrografting cell

“…For the latter application, Wallace et al [2] synthesized composite materials comprising conducting polymers and hydrogels to drive the delivery electrochemically, although high porosity and efficient ion-transport generally provide good conducting properties to hydrogels. New and wide applications of hydrogels were recently proposed, such as chemical reactors, microreactors, electrochemical/photochemical sensors, microanalysis and combinatory chemistry [3][4][5][6]. For example, agarose, which is a linear polymer consisting of alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose units (Scheme 1) finds applications in the biochemical field for the separation of nucleic acids by electrophoresis [7].…”