Molecular Recognition in Biomineralization

Mann, Stephen; Heywood, BR; Rajam, Sundara; Wade, Vanessa J.

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68132-8_8

Cited by 59 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Similarly, computer simulation is also expected to expand our knowledge regarding the mechanism of crystal growth control by impurities, such as the growth control of mineral crystals by organic molecules. 15,16 …”

Section: Antifreeze Proteins H Nada and Y Furukawamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 AFPs are of interest with respect to not only ice crystals, but also other types of crystals. For example, elucidating the mechanism whereby AFPs control ice growth might aid the understanding of the control of biomineral crystal growth by organic molecules, 15 and might also be useful for developing crystal growth technologies such as crystal morphology engineering, as well as for designing novel composite materials. 16 A number of experimental studies have been performed to investigate AFPs, 1,17-21 and theoretical models of ice growth inhibition by AFPs have also been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antifreeze proteins: computer simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition

Nada

Furukawa

2012

Polym J

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Antifreeze proteins (AFPs), which are present in the bodily fluids of organisms inhabiting cold environments, function as inhibitors of ice growth by binding to certain planes of ice crystals. However, the exact mechanism of ice growth inhibition is still poorly understood as it is exceedingly difficult to experimentally analyze the molecular-scale growth kinetics of ice crystals at the planes to which the proteins bind. This review paper focuses on computer simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition by AFPs. Recent molecular dynamics simulations of a growing ice-water interface to which protein is bound have indicated that, when the protein is stably bound to the interface, the growth rate of ice surrounding the protein decreases drastically, owing to depression of the ice melting point through the Gibbs-Thomson effect. The observed decrease in growth rate is expected to correspond to ice growth inhibition in real-world systems. In addition to presenting published simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition by AFPs, this review also outlines the direction of future simulation studies in this field.

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Section: Antifreeze Proteins H Nada and Y Furukawamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifreeze proteins: computer simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition

Nada

Furukawa

2012

Polym J

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“…In nature, various minerals, such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium oxalate, silicate, and iron oxide, are precipitated by living organisms (Mann, 1988(Mann, , 1993. These biominerals are promising as engineering materials because they have adequate strength and low environmental impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel grout material comprised of calcium phosphate compounds: In vitro evaluation of crystal precipitation and strength reinforcement

Akiyama¹,

Kawasaki

2012

Engineering Geology

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Calcium phosphate compounds (CPCs) have unique physicochemical properties. As grout material, they afford many advantages such as adequate physical strength, self-setting property, pH dependence of precipitation, non-toxicity, and recyclability. To apply CPCs to the permeability control and reinforcement of ground soil and rock, we explored suitable conditions for in vitro CPC precipitation, conducted unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests of Toyoura sand test pieces cemented by CPC, and carried out observations and elemental analysis of precipitated CPC crystals.Two kinds of phosphate stock solution and two kinds of calcium stock solution were used to prepare the reaction mixtures, and CPC precipitation was detected in all reaction mixtures. The volume of CPC precipitation in the reaction mixture increased as the pH rose from strongly acidic to around neutral. The UCS of Toyoura sand test pieces cemented by 1.5 M diammonium phosphate and 0.75 M calcium acetate tended to increase with time, reaching a maximum of 63.5 kPa after 14 days of curing. Conversely, the UCS of test pieces cemented by using calcium nitrate was below 20 kPa and showed no significant increase in strength. CPC precipitation with calcium nitrate induced the formation of plate-like crystals, whereas that with calcium acetate induced whisker-like crystals.Elemental analysis of the cemented test pieces showed that the distributions of phosphorus and calcium were similar. The results indicate the practical feasibility of using novel CPC grouts as chemical grouts because of their self-setting property, and as biogrouts because of their crystal 3 structure and pH dependence of precipitation.

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“…amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) | calorimetry | crystallization enthalpy | sea urchin larval spicules | synthetic and biogenic ACC C alcium carbonate is ubiquitous in nature and found in fresh and saline waters, soils, sediments, mineral dusts, and geologic formations (1)(2)(3). Calcium carbonate occurs in five different crystalline polymorphs at ambient pressure, anhydrous phases (calcite, aragonite, and vaterite), and hydrated phases (monohydrocalcite CaCO 3 ·H 2 O and ikaite CaCO 3 ·6 H 2 O), and various amorphous forms as well (1,3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Transformation and crystallization energetics of synthetic and biogenic amorphous calcium carbonate

Radha

Forbes

Killian

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

421

449

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Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is a metastable phase often observed during low temperature inorganic synthesis and biomineralization. ACC transforms with aging or heating into a less hydrated form, and with time crystallizes to calcite or aragonite. The energetics of transformation and crystallization of synthetic and biogenic (extracted from California purple sea urchin larval spicules, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) ACC were studied using isothermal acid solution calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Transformation and crystallization of ACC can follow an energetically downhill sequence: more metastable hydrated ACC → less metastable hydrated ACC ⇒ anhydrous ACC ∼ biogenic anhydrous ACC ⇒ vaterite → aragonite → calcite. In a given reaction sequence, not all these phases need to occur. The transformations involve a series of ordering, dehydration, and crystallization processes, each lowering the enthalpy (and free energy) of the system, with crystallization of the dehydrated amorphous material lowering the enthalpy the most. ACC is much more metastable with respect to calcite than the crystalline polymorphs vaterite or aragonite. The anhydrous ACC is less metastable than the hydrated, implying that the structural reorganization during dehydration is exothermic and irreversible. Dehydrated synthetic and anhydrous biogenic ACC are similar in enthalpy. The transformation sequence observed in biomineralization could be mainly energetically driven; the first phase deposited is hydrated ACC, which then converts to anhydrous ACC, and finally crystallizes to calcite. The initial formation of ACC may be a first step in the precipitation of calcite under a wide variety of conditions, including geological CO 2 sequestration. amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) | calorimetry | crystallization enthalpy | sea urchin larval spicules | synthetic and biogenic ACC

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Molecular Recognition in Biomineralization

Cited by 59 publications

References 42 publications

Antifreeze proteins: computer simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition

Antifreeze proteins: computer simulation studies on the mechanism of ice growth inhibition

Novel grout material comprised of calcium phosphate compounds: In vitro evaluation of crystal precipitation and strength reinforcement

Transformation and crystallization energetics of synthetic and biogenic amorphous calcium carbonate

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