Molecular Recognition Profiles and Clinical Patterns of PR-10 Sensitization in a Birch-Free Mediterranean Area

Abstract

Background: The order Fagales represents an important cause of tree-pollen allergy in northern countries. We investigated the IgE recognition profiles, mutual relationships, and association with clinical symptoms of a panel of allergens belonging to the PR-10 family, the main proteins responsible for Fagales allergy (Act d 8, Aln g 1, Api g 1, Ara h 8, Bet v 1, Cor a 1.0101, Cor a 1.0401, Gly m 4, Mal d 1, and Pru p 1). Methods: A total of 526 PR-10-reactive subjects living in central and southern Italy were studied by ImmunoCAP-ISAC-112 microarray analysis. Results: Overall, Bet v 1 reactivity was the most commonly (74%) observed among PR-10 proteins, but Cor a 1.0101 was the most prevalent in participants aged <6 years, and between 15 and 65 years. Overall, 26% of the PR-10-reactive persons were Bet v 1 negative, whilst 93.6% of the PR-10 polyreactive individuals were Bet v 1 positive. Among the 10 PR-10s evaluated, 100 combinations were recorded. The strongest association was observed between molecules with the highest sequence identities (Bet v 1 and Cor a 1.0101, Cor a 1.0401 or Aln g 1; Mal d 1 and Pru p 1). Bet v 1-, Cor a 1.0101-, and Aln g 1-specific IgE recognition was associated with respiratory symptoms, whilst Ara h 8, Cor a 1.0401, Gly m 4, Mal d 1, and Pru p 1 were selectively linked to an oral allergic syndrome. Conclusions: Testing IgE reactivity to a panel of PR-10s in a birch-free area discloses peculiar relationships between clinical phenotypes and sensitization profiles, allowing the identification of novel cluster patterns.

Molecular allergen profiling in horses by microarray reveals Fag e 2 from buckwheat as a frequent sensitizer

“…We speculate that possibly around paddocks and often associated ponds, alders may be most prominent and, therefore, represent the primary sensitizing allergen source. This theory is in conflict with a recent report that for human allergics Bet v 1 is the leading allergen also in the birch‐free Mediterranean area . In 2 of the 4 horses reacting via IgE to PR10 allergen Mal d 1 from apple, co‐sensitization to Aln g 1 could be found.…”

Purification and Characterization of Pathogenesis Related Class 10 Panallergens

“…This study aims to compare the requirements for purification, secondary structures, and binding to human IgE and potential biological ligands of a subset of recombinant PR-10 proteins. Recombinant Bet v 1.01 (referred to hence as rBet v 1) is included as it is the best-studied member of the family and the most commonly recognized amongst PR-10-allergic individuals [28,29]. Also included are two isoforms each of PR-10s from hazel (rCor a 1.02 from hazel pollen and rCor a 1.04 from hazelnut), white oak (rQue a 1.02 and rQue a 1.03), and peanut (rAra h 8.01 and rAra h 8.02).…”

“…Also included are two isoforms each of PR-10s from hazel (rCor a 1.02 from hazel pollen and rCor a 1.04 from hazelnut), white oak (rQue a 1.02 and rQue a 1.03), and peanut (rAra h 8.01 and rAra h 8.02). The hazel pollen PR-10 from European hazelnut (Corylus avellana), Cor a 1.01, is the second-most commonly recognized PR-10 protein in both birch-endemic and birch-free regions, like the Mediterranean [28,29]. In other birch-free regions, the PR-10 proteins from white oak (Quercus alba) and other oak species are important sensitizing agents of OAS [30].…”

An atlas of IgE sensitization patterns in different Italian areas. A multicenter, cross-sectional study

“…In recent years, the development of recombi-nant technology has led to important achievements in allergen characterization, purification and production, thus supporting the allergy diagnostic work-up in the daily clinical practice (2,3). The microarray technology, which allows the simultaneous detection of IgE reactivity towards multiple allergens while using a minimum amount of serum (4), is considered a useful tool for epidemiological studies (5), and in particular for IgE profiling of patients affected by respiratory symptoms (6), atopic dermatitis (7,8), and food allergy (9,10), leading to a more accurate diagnosis of sensitization (11). It is widely known that allergic sensitization profiles strongly reflect the lifestyle and the environment of the studied population (12).…”