Molecular regulation of cigarette smoke induced-oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: implications for age-related macular degeneration

Bertram, Kurt; Baglole, Carolyn J.; Phipps, Richard P.; Libby, Richard T.

doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00126.2009

Cited by 124 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Consistent with the idea that tobacco smoke induces oxidative stress, Bertram and colleagues have reported that following the inhalation of tobacco smoke, the level of intercellular GSH in human retinal pigment epithelial cells decreased signiˆcantly, whereas the level of GSSG remained unchanged (5). We found in this study that ECS exposure of larval ‰ies decreased the level of total glutathione (that is, GSH plus GSSG) in the bodies of all four strains examined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…It was considered that examination of urate levels alone would be of limited value as a measure of its synthesis since direct oxidation of urate by radical oxygen species leads to its depletion, as noted in the preceding paragraph. The potential of glutathione to act as an antioxidant in defense against ECS toxicity was suggested by an observation made by Bertram et al, who found that the level of intercellular GSH (a reduced form of glutathione) in retinal pigment epithelial cells of volunteer tobacco smokers decreased signiˆcantly, whereas the level of GSSG (an oxidized form of glutathione) remained unchanged (5). The activity of SOD, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of super-oxide anions to hydrogen peroxide, was also measured to determine whether ECS exposure aŠected SOD activity together with any changes in urate or glutathione levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, environmental cigarette smoke (ECS) is well known to injure various tissues and elevate the risk of developing many lifestyle-and age-related diseases, including cancers in various tissues (1,2), cardiovascular disorders (3), diabetes (4) and retinal cell injury (5). Recently, a larger number of toxic compounds have been detected in side stream or second-hand cigarette smoke (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Increases Urate Level and Decreases Glutathione Level in Larval Drosophila melanogaster

Fujiwara

Hamatake

Arimoto

et al. 2011

Genes and Environment

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Recently, we reported experimental evidence to support the notion that in Drosophila melanogaster, urate is involved in defense against toxic eŠects of environmental cigarette smoke (ECS). To obtain further information pertaining to the defense mechanisms involving urate and other antioxidants, the present study measured the levels of urate, its precursors and glutathione, and SOD activity in larval ‰ies of wild-type strains (Oregon-R and Canton-S) and two urate-null mutant strains (ma-l and ry 1 ) following exposure to ECS for various durations. In both wild type strains, unlike the case in either of the mutant strains, the urate level signiˆcantly increased above the basal level in a manner dependent on the duration of ECS exposure. Similar increases in the level of urate precursors were found in Canton-S and in both of the urate-null strains. There was a slight increase in glutathione level above the control level following ECS exposure for a short time, followed by an exposure-dependent decrease to less than 60% of the control level within the exposure range used in all of the four strains. On the other hand, no appreciable change was found in the SOD activity prior to or following ECS exposure, irrespective of the strain examined. In terms of the survival of treated larvae to adulthood under the conditions used for the measurements of urate and others, it was found that wild-type strain Canton-S was as sensitive as the urate-null mutant strains and clearly more sensitive than wild-type strains Oregon-R and Hikone-R. This was so despite the fact that, compared with Oregon-R, Canton-S contained urate at relatively higher levels prior to and following ECS exposure, and that the glutathione levels in Canton-S prior to and following treatment were comparable with those in other strains. These results are discussed with respect to the involvement of urate and glutathione in defense against the toxicity of ECS and the possible existence of another defense mechanism which is deˆcient in the Canton-S strain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Increases Urate Level and Decreases Glutathione Level in Larval Drosophila melanogaster

Fujiwara

Hamatake

Arimoto

et al. 2011

Genes and Environment

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“…[11][12][13][14] It has been suggested that cigarette smoking might contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD by causing oxidative damage to the RPE. 15 Tar within cigarette smoke contains a large number of pro-oxidant compounds among which hydroquinone (HQ) is the most abundant. HQ is an oxidant of special relevance due to its presence not only in cigarette smoke but also in processed foods, plastic containers, and atmospheric pollutants as well as its widespread occurrence in nature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoke-Related Hydroquinone Induces Filamentous Actin Reorganization and Heat Shock Protein 27 Phosphorylation through p38 and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 in Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Pons

Cousins

Csaky

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Pathology

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Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-derived membranous debris named blebs, may accumulate and contribute to sub-RPE deposit formation, which is the earliest sign of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Oxidative injury to the RPE might play a significant role in AMD. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We previously reported that hydroquinone (HQ), a major pro-oxidant in cigarette smoke, foodstuff, and atmospheric pollutants, induces actin rearrangement and membrane blebbing in RPE cells as well as sub-RPE deposits in mice. Here, we show for the first time that phosphorylated Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), a key regulator of actin filaments dynamics, is up-regulated in RPE from patients with AMD. Also, HQ-induced nonlethal oxidative injury led to Hsp27mRNA up-regulation, dimer formation , and Hsp27 phosphorylation in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, we found that a cross talk between p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mediates HQ-induced Hsp27 phosphorylation and actin aggregate formation, revealing ERK as a novel upstream mediator of Hsp27 phosphorylation. Finally, we demonstrated that Hsp25, p38, and ERK phosphorylation are increased in aging C57BL/6 mice chronically exposed to HQ, whereas Hsp25 expression is decreased. Our data suggest that phosphorylated Hsp27 might be a key mediator in AMD and HQ-induced oxidative injury to the RPE, which may provide helpful insights into the early cellular events associated with actin reorganization and bleb formation involved in sub-RPE deposits formation relevant to the pathogenesis of AMD.

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“…Aynı zamanda sigara içi-miyle ortaya çıkan serbest oksijen radikallerinin hücre fonksiyonlarını bozarak göz hastalıklarının gelişimine katkıda bulunduğu bildirilmektedir. 4,5 Koroid, damardan zengin bir doku olup, göze gelen kan akımının çok büyük bir kısmının kaynağıdır. Retina pigment epiteli (RPE) ile dış retina tabakalarının beslenmesini ve oksijen ihtiyacını sağlamaktadır.…”

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Evaluation of the Effects of Chronic Smoking on Choroidal Thickness Measured by Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography

Bayhan¹,

Kirboğa²,

Bayhan³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Kronik sigara kullanımının spektral optik koherens tomografi (OKT) ile ölçülen koroid kalınlığı (KK) üzerine olan etkilerini incelemektir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Bu ileriye dönük ça-lışmaya, uzun süredir (>5 yıl) sigara kullanan 40 gönüllü (çalışma grubu) ve hiç sigara kullanmamış 40 sağlıklı birey (kontrol grubu) dâhil edildi. Oküler hastalık veya cerrahi hikâyesi olanlar ve sistemik hastalığı olanlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Tüm ölçümler sabah saatlerinde yapıldı. Tüm hastalara göz içi basıncı ölçümü ve optik biyometri (Lenstar) ile aksiyel uzunluk ölçümünü de kapsayan detaylı oftalmolojik muayene yapıldı. KK dikey olarak fovea merkezi ile foveadan 1,5 mm ve 3,0 mm temporal ve nazal mesafelerden OKT (RTVue-100, Optovue) kullanılarak ölçüldü. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Çalışma grubundaki 32 erkek, sekiz kadın hastanın ortalama yaşı 43,60±11,65 yıl iken, kontrol grubundaki 30 erkek 10 kadın bireyin ortalama yaşı 45,02±11,69 yıl idi. Gruplar yaş ve cinsiyet açı-sından homojen dağılım göstermekte idi (p>0,05). Çalışma grubundaki hastalar 22,50±18,37 paket/yıl sigara kullanmakta idiler. Çalışma grubundaki hastaların ortalama KK ölçümleri tüm bölgelerde kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalmış bulundu (hepsi, p<0,05). Sigara içim miktarı ve süresi ile fovea altındaki KK arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon mevcuttu (p<0,05, r=-0,556). S So on nu uç ç: : Uzun süredir sigara kullanan bireylerde KK'da azalma görülmektedir. Bu azalma özellikle sigara ile ilişkili kuru tip yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu gibi hastalıkların patofizyolojisinde önemli olabilir.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Sigara içme; koroid; tomografi, optik koherens A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To investigate the effects of chronic smoking on choroidal thickness (CT) measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : This prospective study is comprised of 40 chronic smokers (>5 years; study group) and 40 healthy non-smoker individuals. Subjects with a history of ocular disease, ocular surgery or systemic disease were excluded from the study. All measurements were taken in the morning. Detailed ophthalmological examination including intraocular pressure measurement and axial length (AL) measurement using optical biometry (Lenstar) was performed in all patients. CT was measured vertically from the center of fovea, nasal and temporal regions that 1.5 mm and 3.0 mm distanced from the fovea using with SOCT (RTVue-100, Optovue). R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The mean age of the 32 male and 8 female patients in the study group was 43.60±11.65 years, while the average age of the 30 male and 10 female individuals in the control group was 45.02±11.69 years. Groups showed homogeneous distribution in terms of age and gender (p>0.05). Patients in the study group were smoking 22.50±18.37 pack years. Mean CT measurements of the study group were significantly less than th...

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Molecular regulation of cigarette smoke induced-oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: implications for age-related macular degeneration

Abstract: Bertram KM, Baglole CJ, Phipps RP, Libby RT. Molecular regulation of cigarette smoke induced-oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: implications for age-related macular degeneration.

Cited by 124 publications

References 70 publications

Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Increases Urate Level and Decreases Glutathione Level in Larval Drosophila melanogaster

Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Increases Urate Level and Decreases Glutathione Level in Larval Drosophila melanogaster

Cigarette Smoke-Related Hydroquinone Induces Filamentous Actin Reorganization and Heat Shock Protein 27 Phosphorylation through p38 and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 in Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Evaluation of the Effects of Chronic Smoking on Choroidal Thickness Measured by Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography

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