Molecular screening of Feline bocaviruses (FBoVs) from captured wild felids in Korea

Abstract

Parvoviruses in the family Parvoviridae are currently classified into three subfamilies, Densovirinae, Parvovirinae, and Hamaparvovirinae, members of which infect non-vertebrate, vertebrate, and both non-vertebrate and vertebrate hosts, respectively. The subfamily Parvovirinae is divided into eleven genera based on the recently revised taxonomy: Amdoparvovirus, Artiparvovirus, Aveparvovirus, Bocaparvovirus, Copiparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Erythroparvovirus, Loriparvovirus, Protoparvovirus, Sandeparvovirus, and Tetraparvovirus (Cotmore et al, 2019; Pénzes et al, 2020). Bocavirus (BoV), belonging to the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae, is considered an emerging pathogen and has been detected in a wide range of hosts, including humans, cats, cows, pigs, gorillas, chimpanzees, California sea lion, rabbits, Himalayan marmots, camels, wild boars, bats, minks, house shrews, Amur leopard cat, Eastern roe deer, and rodents (Aryal and Liu, 2021; Liu et al, 2022; Sun et al, 2023). Currently, members of BoV are classified into thirty-one species based on the ICTV classification criteria: Bocaparvovirus carnivoran1 to 7, Bocaparvovirus chirop-teran1 to 5, Bocaparvovirus incertum1, Bocaparvovirus largomorph1, Bocaparvovirus pinniped1 and 2, Bocaparvovirus primate1 to 3, Bocaparvovirus rodent1 to 3, and Bocaparvovirus ungulate1 to 9. Among these, Bocaparvovirus carnivoran3, 4, and 5, also known as feline bocavirus 1 (FBoV-1), FBoV-2, and FBoV-3, have been founded in domestic cats with variable clinical signs (Capozza et al, 2021; ICTV, 2024). FBoV was first identified from stray cats in Hong Kong in 2012 (Lau et al, 2012), and then designated as a species named Bocaparvovirus carnivoran3, according to the new strict classification criteria of ICTV (Cotmore et