Molecular Screening of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Detection of LMP-1, LMP-2 Gene Expression in Vietnamese Nasopharyngeal Swab Samples

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the expression of LMP-1, LMP-2 in clinical swab samples in order to find out the potential molecular based biomarker for NPC diagnosis and screening, which could offer a chance in development of rapid method for NPC diagnosis in Vietnamese population. Materials and Methods: A total of 93 nasopharyngeal carcinoma swab samples and 100 healthy nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected to evaluate LMP-1, LMP-2 expression by Real-time reversed PCR. Results: we figured out the significant association between the expression of LMP-1 (counting for 48.39%), LMP-2 (counting for 39.78%) and NPC. No LMP-1 expression was observed, and only 1 of 100 specimens was detected with LMP-2 positive in healthy samples. In the combination of LMP-1 (+) and/or LMP-2 (+), the frequency of positive was 53.76%, greater than each gene expression. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of assay were 99.00%, 98.04%, 69.72%, and 77.02%, respectively. Additionally, the LMP-2 expression level was 5.50 times higher in NPC samples than non-cancerous samples. Conclusion: Our results indicated the molecular invasive method based on the expression of LMP-1, LMP-2 in swab samples would be a promising supplement in NPC diagnosis, screening in the near future in Vietnam.

The Role of DNA Viruses in Human Cancer

“…It can interact with the Rb tumor suppressor protein and promotes tumor progression. 81 Binding of the EBNA-1oncoprotein to the family of repeats (FR) on Ori-P leads the replication of episomal viral DNA in the latently infected cells. EBNA-1 blocks PML aggregation in nucleus by interaction with USP-7 and separation of USP-7 to Ori-P in the cytoplasm.…”

Research progress and application of single-cell sequencing in head and neck malignant tumors

“…Latent genes expressed by EBV genome include: Six EBV encoded nuclear antigens, latent membrane proteins LMP-1 and LMP-2A/2B, EBV encoded small RNAs (EBER1 and EBER2) and microRNAs (BHRF1 and miR-BART) [ 66 ]. The analysis of NPC samples showed that NPC was closely related to the expression of LMP-1, LMP -2, and miR-BART [ 67 , 68 ]. We will focus on the mechanism of action of the aforementioned genes in the occurrence and development of tumors.…”

Circulating microRNAs as the Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…The detection rate of NPC varies from 20–100%, leading to the varied efficacy of serology marker examination [ 7 ]. Oncoproteins, including EBV latent proteins (LMP-1, LMP-2A, and LMP-2B), and Epstein–Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBNA-1, -2, -3A, -3B, -3C, and –LP) encoded by EBV are also used to implicate the progression of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Notably, EBV is widespread in healthy people globally, infecting more than 90% of people [ 13 , 14 ].…”