Molecular Sorption by Heterogeneous Natural Rubber/Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) Blend Systems

Sujith, A.; Unnikrishnan, G.

doi:10.1007/s10965-005-9021-y

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These include polypropylene [12][13][14], polyethylene [15,16], polystyrene [17], polyamide-6 [18], and poly(methyl methacrylate) [19]. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) has also been used to prepare the TPNRs [20][21][22][23] due to its excellent ozone damage resistance, aging ability, weather resistance, and mechanical properties [24]. Moreover, EVA is a halogen-free thermoplastic which may be used as a replacement in many applications that currently are dominated by PVC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual phase continuity and phase inversion phenomena in natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer blends

2012

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Abstract:Blending of polymers provide an attractive route to obtain new materials with unique combination of properties. Among the possible blend morphologies are dispersion of droplet, fiber, lamella in continuous phase and cocontinuous morphology. The unique feature of co-continuous is the mutual interpenetration of the phases which exhibits a number of advantageous properties and hence wider range of applications. Therefore, it is important to perform accurate determination of the co-continuous phase morphology and phase inversion phenomena. The rubber co-continuity index (solvent extraction), SEM micrographs and dynamic properties indicated the inversion occurred in the blends with rubber content 40 to 50 wt%. Furthermore, three empirical models (i.e., Ultracki, Steiman et al and Gergen et al models) could predict the phase continuity and phase inversion phenomena but other two (i.e., Paul-Barlow and MetelkinBlekht models) failed. Therefore, based on rubber co-continuity index, SEM micrographs, dynamic mechanical properties and prediction, the inversion phenomena occurred in the blends with rubber contents in a range of 40-50 wt%. Full co-continuity was found in the blends with the rubber contents of 46 to 60 wt%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual phase continuity and phase inversion phenomena in natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer blends

2012

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“…On the other hand, in the non-Fickian diffusion that exponent n is equal to 1; the diffusion rate of solvent is higher than the relaxation rate of polymer chains. 15 More precisely could be observed with increasing temperature for all nanocomposites, the n values was decreased slowly and for the highest temperature this amounts was closed to 0?5. On this basis it could be concluded that with the temperature, the mechanism of diffusion is closer to the Fickian one.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Transportmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…15 The solvent transport was found to decrease with increasing EVA content in the blends. The effects of blend ratio on the transport characteristics have been correlated with the phase morphology of the blends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of microstructure of natural rubber/nano-calcium carbonate nanocomposites by solvent transport properties

Ghari¹,

Shakouri²,

Shirazi³

2014

Plastics, Rubber and Composites

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The research on rubber reinforcement is a traditional but vitally essential topic. However, many issues in this aspect are presently still not well understood and explained. Moreover, when rubber reinforcement is obtained by using nanoparticles, it is even more difficult to clearly understand the relationship between the microstructure and properties. The special character of rubber, being a multicomponent system (rubber, vulcanising agent, accelerants, reinforcements, etc.), complicates even more the analysis of the parameters affecting the rubber/nanoparticle composite formation. Therefore, we believe the results obtained by means of transport experiments represent a good approach for understanding the reinforcing capability of nanofillers. The reinforcing capability of nano-CaCO 3 in natural rubber (NR) was characterised by means of transport properties such as diffusion, sorption and permeability coefficients, swelling ratio, enthalpy, entropy and activation energy. Concentration of nano-CaCo 3 in NR was varied from 0 to 20 parts per one hundred parts of rubber by weight (phr). Transport process of toluene by use of equilibrium weight swelling of the NR and nanofilled composites have been studied in details. The effects of nanofiller concentration and temperature on transport of toluene through nano-CaCO 3 filled NR vulcanisates were studied. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The diffusivity data of the systems have shown the dependence on the temperature and microstructure of nanocomposite. Generally, the concentration of nano-CaCO 3 plays an important role in transport process.

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“…The diffusivity D of the nanocomposites was calculated using eq. (5)42–45 where h is the thickness of the sample, θ is the slope of the sorption curves before attaining 50% equilibrium (the initial linear portion of the curve), and Q ∞ is the equilibrium solvent uptake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, thermal, and transport properties of nitrile rubber–nanocalcium carbonate composites

Balachandran

Bhagawan

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The article describes the properties of acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer (NBR)-nanocalcium carbonate (NCC) nanocomposites prepared by a two-step method. The amount of NCC was varied from 2 phr to 10 phr. Cure characteristics, mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and transport properties of NBR-NCC composites were evaluated. For preparing NBR nanocomposites, a master batch of NBR and NCC was initially made using internal mixer. Neat NBR and the NBR-NCC masterbatch was compounded with other compounding ingredients on a two roll mill. NCC activated cure reaction upto 5 phr. The tensile strength increased with the nanofiller content, whereas NBR-NCC containing 7.5 phr exhibited the highest modulus. The storage modulus (E 0 ) increased up to 5 phr NCC loading; the reinforcing effect of NCC was seen in the increase of modulus which was more significant at temperatures above T g . The effect of nanofiller content and temperature on transport properties was evaluated. The solvent uptake decreased with NCC content. The mechanism of diffusion of solvent through the nanocomposites was found to be Fickian. Transport parameters like diffusion, sorption, and permeation constants were determined and found to decrease with nanofiller content, the minimum value being at 7.5 phr. Thermodynamic constants such as enthalpy and activation energy were also evaluated. The dependence of various properties on NCC was supported by morphological analysis using transmission electron microscopy.

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Molecular Sorption by Heterogeneous Natural Rubber/Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) Blend Systems

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Dual phase continuity and phase inversion phenomena in natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer blends

Dual phase continuity and phase inversion phenomena in natural rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer blends

Evaluation of microstructure of natural rubber/nano-calcium carbonate nanocomposites by solvent transport properties

Mechanical, thermal, and transport properties of nitrile rubber–nanocalcium carbonate composites

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