“…Following many experimental and theoretical works on 2D materials and the respective interest to renewable energy sources, in the past decade, significant attention is given to van der Waals layered materials known as transition metal trichalcogenides (MPX 3 with M: transition metal and X: S or Se). − From the crystallographic point of view, these materials are similar to transition metal dichalcogenides, MX 2 , where one-third of the metal cations with connected X-anions is substituted by an ethane-like [P 2 X 6 ] 4– unit (Figure a,b). The diversity in transition metals and two different chalcogens can lead to a wide variation in the electronic and magnetic properties of these materials, − which can be further tailored by applying stress, an external voltage gate, , or by alloying. , Due to the layered structure of MPX 3 , they can be easily prepared as two-dimensional nanostructures , with a large surface area and high number of active sites. ,− Consequently, the MPX 3 materials have been the subject of several application-related investigations, ,,,, and FePSe 3 and MnPSe 3 yielded the highest efficiency for HER and very good stability in a wide pH range. At that, the existing theoretical and experimental works, focused on the electrocatalytic properties of MPX 3 , very rarely contain an insight in the electronic structure, which is crucial for understanding and controllable modification of the catalytic activity of these materials.…”