Molecular Structure And Biochemical Activity Of 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronamine

Cody, Vivian; Meyer, Tim De; Döhler, K.-D.; Hesch, R. D.; Rokos, Hartmut; Markó, M.

doi:10.3109/07435808409035410

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Another endocrine effect exerted by iodothyronamines was observed as early as 1984, when T 3 AM was reported to inhibit prolactin secretion in cultured pituitary cells [25]. At that time, the effect was attributed to interference with the adrenergic system, but other iodothyronamines were not tested and the involvement of TAARs, which are now known to be expressed in pituitary cells, cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Extracardiac Effects Of T 1 Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

Cardiac effects of thyronamines

Zucchi

Ghelardoni²,

Chiellini³

2008

Heart Fail Rev

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3-Iodothyronamine (T(1)AM) is an endogenous compound derived from thyroid hormone through decarboxylation and deiodination, which interacts with a novel G protein-coupled receptor, known as trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). TAAR1 and other receptors of this family are expressed in several tissues, including the heart. Functional effects have been observed after administration of exogenous T(1)AM: in the isolated heart, a negative inotropic and chronotropic action was produced, and the resistance to ischemic injury was increased, possibly as a consequence of an action on intracellular calcium homeostasis. Extracardiac effects include reduction of body temperature, increased lipid versus carbohydrate metabolism, and modulation of insulin secretion. T(1)AM might play an important physiological or pathophysiological role, and this signaling system might allow the development of new therapeutical agents.

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Section: Extracardiac Effects Of T 1 Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

Cardiac effects of thyronamines

Zucchi

Ghelardoni²,

Chiellini³

2008

Heart Fail Rev

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“…In the early 1970s, Dr M Dratman et al (Dratman 1974) speculated about their putative biosynthesis and action. Cody et al (1984) described the molecular structure and biochemical activity of 3,5,3 0 -triiodothyronamine (T 3 AM) in 1984. It was, however, not until 2004 that Scanlan et al (2004) showed a major physiological role for thyronamines based upon elegant experiments in rodents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An online solid-phase extraction–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method to study the presence of thyronamines in plasma and tissue and their putative conversion from 13C6-thyroxine

Ackermans¹,

Klieverik²,

Ringeling³

et al. 2010

Journal of Endocrinology

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Thyronamines are exciting new players at the crossroads of thyroidology and metabolism. Here, we report the development of a method to measure 3-iodothyronamine (T 1 AM) and thyronamine (T 0 AM) in plasma and tissue samples.The detection limit of the method was 0 . 25 nmol/l in plasma and 0 . 30 pmol/g in tissue both for T 1 AM and for T 0 AM.Using this method, we were able to demonstrate T 1 AM and T 0 AM in plasma and liver from rats treated with synthetic thyronamines. Although we demonstrated the in vivo conversion of 13 C 6 -thyroxine ( 13 C 6 -T 4 ) to 13 C 6 -3,5, 3 0 -triiodothyronine, we did not detect 13 C 6 -T 1 AM in plasma or brain samples of rats treated with 13 C 6 -T 4 . Surprisingly, our method did not detect any endogenous T 1 AM or T 0 AM in plasma from vehicle-treated rats, nor in human plasma or thyroid tissue. Although we are cautious to draw general conclusions from these negative findings and in spite of the fact that insufficient sensitivity of the method related to extractability and stability of T 0 AM cannot be completely excluded at this point, our findings raise questions on the biosynthetic pathways and concentrations of endogenous T 1 AM and T 0 AM.

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“…7). Providing an intrapituitary decarboxylation of T j and the existence of T j amine, this thyroaminergic neurotransmitter would influence TSH sc- cretion distal to nuclear control because it does not interfere with nuclear T 3 binding at liver nuclei [40]. Apart from hypothyroid ism, there are only few stimulators of TSH biosynthesis and release.…”

Section: Effect T} Amine On Tsh Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…amine has so far not been detected directly in vivo or in tissue samples. The molecular structure of T j amine and its biochemical characteristics have recently been described by our group [40].…”

Section: Effect T} Amine On Tsh Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism of the Thyroid Hormones

Köhrle¹,

Brabant²,

Hesch³

1987

Horm Res

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This review covers the current knowledge about the various metabolic pathways involved in the conversion of thyroid hormones to the thyromimetically active and inactive iodothyronines. The concerted mechanism of systemic and local production of iodothyronines by tissue-specific iodothyronine deiodinase isozymes will ultimately determine the expression of thyroid hormone action. This is exemplified for the regulation of synthesis and release of TSH by iodothyronines at the pituitary level. Iodothyronine metabolites, e.g. Triac, rT₃ and T₃ amine may modulate TSH secretion, and alterations of local pituitary deiodination (e.g. iopanoate inhibition) influence diurnal TSH secretion without changing TRH-dependent episodic TSH secretion pattern. A summary of structure-activity relationships of > 200 naturally occurring and synthetic ligands of rat liver type I iodothyronine deiodinase isozyme propylthiouracil-sensitive) in vitro allows the design of iodothyronine analogues which either serve as specific substrates or antagonists of iodothyronine binding and metabolizing proteins. Furthermore, a complete picture of the ligand-complementary active site of the type I isozyme can be derived. A synthetic ‘structurally optimized’ iodothyronine-analogue flavonoid inhibitor of the type I deiodinase is able to displace T₄ from binding to thyroxine-binding prealbumin and leads to unexpected organ-specific alterations of thyroid hormone metabolism and expression of thyroid hormone actions in an animal model. Therefore, for a complete understanding of thyroid hormone metabolism and action, thyroid hormone transport, cellular compartmentalization, and alternate pathways also have to be considered.

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Molecular Structure And Biochemical Activity Of 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronamine

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Cardiac effects of thyronamines

Cardiac effects of thyronamines

An online solid-phase extraction–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method to study the presence of thyronamines in plasma and tissue and their putative conversion from 13C6-thyroxine

Metabolism of the Thyroid Hormones

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