Molecular studies reveal a new species of <i>Bryoria</i> in Chile

Boluda, Carlos G.; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Hawksworth, David L.; Villagra, Johana; Rico, Vı́ctor J.

doi:10.1017/s0024282915000298

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Other similar esorediate species include: 1) B. trichodes , occasionally sorediate and with, at most, sparse lateral side branches; 2) an unidentified Chinese specimen ( Wang 02-21518, S290; see Table 1); 3) the recently described South American species B. araucana (Boluda et al . 2015). Both of the latter species belong in the same clade as B. irwinii , but lack numerous side branches.…”

Section: New Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

Myllys¹,

Velmala²,

Pino-Bodas³

et al. 2016

The Lichenologist

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Two new species of Bryoria are described based on morphology, chemistry and molecular phylogeny (ITS and Mcm7). Both species belong in section Bryoria, which was resolved as a polyphyletic group in the ITS+Mcm7 phylogeny. Bryoria alaskana belongs to a clade restricted to South-East Asia and north-west North America, and is so far known from south-east Alaska and the Sino-Himalayan Mountains. This highly variable species is most reliably recognized by its pendent, esorediate thallus, its production of fumarprotocetraric acid, and the combination of isotomic branching, abundant, whitish, predominantly fusiform pseudocyphellae, and sparse, short perpendicular side branches. Black emorient patches are lacking. Bryoria irwinii is endemic to north-west North America and is closely related to B. araucana from South America, B. poeltii from South-East Asia, as well as B. nadvornikiana and B. trichodes, both widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. It is a subpendent, esorediate species recognized by its predominantly anisotomic branching, olivaceous hue, black emorient patches, conspicuous pale brownish, fusiform pseudocyphellae, and numerous perpendicular, more or less basally constricted, side branches.

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Section: New Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

Myllys¹,

Velmala²,

Pino-Bodas³

et al. 2016

The Lichenologist

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“…This study adds to several other species currently known to be associated only with A. araucana in Chile (Butin 1968 , 1970a , 1970b , 1975 , 1986 ), Grinbergs and Yarrow 1970 , Butin 1975 , 1986 , Riess et al 2016 ; Balocchi et al 2021 , 2022a ). Similarly, a lichen-forming fungus (Boluda et al 2015 ), several insect (Giganti and Dapoto 1990 ; Kuschel 2000 ; Mecke and Galileo 2004 ; Beéche 2017 ) and a mite species (Chetverikov et al 2014 ) are specific associates of this ancient tree. Although limited in number, studies on the closely related A. angustifolia (Butin and Speer 1978 ; da Silva et al 2015a , 2015b ) and A. humboldtensis (Beimforde et al 2017 ) have also found rare fungal species apparently only associated with them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Resinogalea species from Araucaria araucana resin in Chile and reclassification of the genus in the Cryptocaliciomycetidae

Balocchi,

Barnes,

Wingfield

et al. 2023

IMA Fungus

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Araucaria araucana is an ancient conifer, native to the mountain ranges in Chile and Argentina. These trees host a large number of organisms, mainly insects, strongly or even exclusively associated with them. The recent emergence of a novel canker disease on A. araucana has emphasised the importance of fungi associated with these iconic trees and has resulted in the discovery of various new species. In this study, we considered the identity of an unknown calicioid fungus consistently found on resin on the branches of A. araucana. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses placed isolates in the recently described sub-class Cryptocaliciomycetidae, closest to Cryptocalicium blascoi. However, the morphology of the ascomata and its occurrence in a unique niche suggested that the closest relative could be Resinogalea humboldtensis (Bruceomycetaceae, incertae sedis), a fungus with similar sporing structures found on resin of Araucaria humboldtensis in New Caledonia. There are no living cultures or sequence data available for either R. humboldtensis or its supposed closest relative, Bruceomyces castoris, precluding sequence-based comparisons. Morphological comparisons of the sporing structures on A. araucana confirmed that the ascomatal morphology of our unknown calicioid fungus and R. humboldtensis are almost identical and resemble each other more so than B. castoris or Cr. blascoi. A phylogenetic analysis based on the small subunit (SSU), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA regions resolved our strains into two clades with Cr. blascoi as its closest relative. Further analyses applying the Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) based on ITS, mini chromosome maintenance protein complex (MCM7), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) gene regions, confirmed that strains represent two new species. Based on our morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses, we introduce two new Resinogalea species, R. araucana and R. tapulicola, and reclassify the genus in the subclass Cryptocaliciomycetidae.

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“…Anthropic intervention and forest fragmentation internally homogenize forest ecosystems, resulting in less structural heterogeneity [30], with consequences for the diversity of epiphytic lichen communities [31,32]. This may cause local and regional extinctions, including the loss of species that is still unknown to science [33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrolichen Communities Depend on Phorophyte in Conguillío National Park, Chile

Villagra

Sancho

Alors

2023

Plants

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The community composition of epiphytic macrolichens from two tree species (Araucaria araucana and Nothofagus antarctica) was conducted in temperate forests in the Conguillío National Park, Chile. The composition of lichen biota is influenced by phorophyte species, bark pH, and microclimatic conditions. A total of 31 species of macrolichens were found on A. araucana and N. antarctica. Most of the species showed phorophyte preference, with nine being exclusive to A. araucana and 10 to N. antarctica. The detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) indicated the formation of three communities: one representing macrolichens growing on N. antarctica and two others growing chiefly on A. araucana, either with north or south exposure. More work is needed to study the lichen biota of the forests of the Chilean Andes, which are under multiple threats, including clearing and climate change. In order to counteract such risks to native forests and to the biodiversity of the associated epiphytic lichens, conservation plans should be established that consider the factors that influence the composition of the lichen community.

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Molecular studies reveal a new species of Bryoria in Chile

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America

New Resinogalea species from Araucaria araucana resin in Chile and reclassification of the genus in the Cryptocaliciomycetidae

Macrolichen Communities Depend on Phorophyte in Conguillío National Park, Chile

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