Molecular Study of Bcl1 (+647 C/G) Glucocorticoid Receptor Polymorphism of Some Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

BclI is one of the polymorphisms of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene that is associated with increased insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Bcl1 (+647 C/G) polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and correlate it with levels of some biochemical parameters. In the study, 70 blood samples were collected from type 2 diabetic patients, and 50 blood samples from healthy individual as a control group. Biochemical parameters such as insulin, glutathione, ceruloplasmin and lipid profiles were estimated using enzymatic assays, while functional Bcl1 (+647 C/G) GR polymorphism was genotyped for both groups using a Tetra-amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS PCR). The results revealed a significant increase in the levels of insulin, cholesterol and TG in the control compared with treatment groups, while there was no significant variance in the amounts of CP and HDL-C in both groups. Also, the differences in the genotype and allele frequency of Bcl1 GR polymorphism between both groups were not significant. This observation indicated a negative effect of the mutant G allele of Bcl1 GR polymorphism on T2DM patients. The finding suggests that GG genotype and allele of Bcl1 GR polymorphism may act as molecular markers of T2DM in Iraqi patients and have negative effects on insulin and other biochemical parameters.