Molecular surveillance of measles and rubella in the WHO European Region: new challenges in the elimination phase

Santibanez, Sabine; Hübschen, Judith M.; Mamou, Myriam Corrine Ben; Muscat, Mark; Brown, Kevin E.; Myers, Richard; Mantke, Oliver Donoso; Zeichhardt, Heinz; Brockmann, Dirk; Shulga, Sergey V.; Muller, Claude P.; O’Connor, Patrick; Mulders, Mick N.; Mankertz, Annette

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2017.06.030

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The outbreak of measles of 2006 in Ukraine was caused mainly by the measles virus genotype D6 [2]. However, during the last outbreak, which is still ongoing, the circulation of other variants of measles virus including genotypes B3, D8 and D9 is observed on the territory of Ukraine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological features of measles in children hospitalized during two outbreaks (2005–2006 and 2017–2018) in Ukraine

Yevtushenko

Kramarov

Shadrin

et al. 2019

ZMJ

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological features of measles in children hospitalized during two outbreaks (2005–2006 and 2017–2018) in Ukraine

Yevtushenko

Kramarov

Shadrin

et al. 2019

ZMJ

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“…In 2014, large measles outbreaks have occurred in the Philippines (Takashima et al, 2015) and many measles cases in 2014 in Japan had travel history to the Philippines (Takahashi et al, 2014; Minagawa et al, 2015; Miyoshi et al, 2015; National Institute of Infetious Diseases [NIID], and Tuberculosis, and Infectious Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare [MHLW], 2015a,b; Yagi et al, 2015; Miyoshi et al, 2017; Kaida et al, 2018). Imported cases from the Philippines were also reported in Korea (Park et al, 2017) and many European countries (Nic Lochlainn et al, 2016; Santibanez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nationwide Molecular Epidemiology of Measles Virus in Japan Between 2008 and 2017

et al. 2019

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Genotyping evidence that supports the interruption of endemic measles virus (MV) transmission is one of the essential criteria to be verified in achieving measles elimination. In Japan since 2014, MV genotype analyses have been performed for most of the measles cases in prefectural public health institutes nationwide. With this strong molecular epidemiological data, Japan was verified to have eliminated measles in March, 2015. However, even in the postelimination era, sporadic cases and small outbreaks of measles have been detected repeatedly in Japan. This study investigated the nationwide molecular epidemiology of MV between 2008 and 2017. The 891 strains in the total period between 2008 and 2017 belonged to seven genotypes (D5, D4, D9, H1, G3, B3, and D8) and 124 different MV sequence variants, based on the 450-nucleotide sequence region of the N gene (N450). The 311 MV strains in the postelimination era between 2015 and 2017 were classified into 1, 7, 8, and 32 different N450 sequence variants in D9, H1, B3, and D8 genotypes, respectively. Analysis of the detection period of the individual N450 sequence variants showed that the majority of MV strains were detected only for a short period. However, MV strains, MVs/Osaka.JPN/29.15/ [D8] and MVi/Hulu Langat.MYS/26.11/ [D8], which are named strains designated by World Health Organization (WHO), have been detected in many cases over 2 or 3 years between 2015 and 2017. The WHO-named strains have circulated worldwide, causing outbreaks in many countries. Epidemiological investigation revealed repeated importation of these WHO-named strains into Japan. To demonstrate the elimination status (interruption of endemic transmission) in situations with repeated importation of the same strains is challenging. Nevertheless, the detailed sequence analysis of individual MV strains and chronological analysis of these strains provided sufficient evidence to show that Japan has still maintained its measles elimination status in 2017.

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“…Virus characterization is performed at the Regional Reference Laboratory in Luxemburg Institute of Health and at the National Measles and Rubella Laboratory. Measles virus sequences are reported to WHO through the Measles Nucleotide Surveillance (MeaNS) database ( 11 , 12 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges to Achieving Measles Elimination, Georgia, 2013–2018

Khetsuriani¹,

Sanadze²,

Chlikadze³

et al. 2020

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Controlling measles outbreaks in the country of Georgia and throughout Europe is crucial for achieving the measles elimination goal for the World Health Organization’s European Region. However, large-scale measles outbreaks occurred in Georgia during 2013–2015 and 2017–2018. The epidemiology of these outbreaks indicates widespread circulation and genetic diversity of measles viruses and reveals persistent gaps in population immunity across a wide age range that have not been sufficiently addressed thus far. Historic problems and recent challenges with the immunization program contributed to outbreaks. Addressing population susceptibility across all age groups is needed urgently. However, conducting large-scale mass immunization campaigns under the current health system is not feasible, so more selective response strategies are being implemented. Lessons from the measles outbreaks in Georgia could be useful for other countries that have immunization programs facing challenges related to health-system transitions and the presence of age cohorts with historically low immunization coverage.

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Molecular surveillance of measles and rubella in the WHO European Region: new challenges in the elimination phase

Abstract: A more systematic molecular monitoring and recording of the transmission pattern for the whole EUR could help to create a meaningful picture of the elimination process.

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Clinical and epidemiological features of measles in children hospitalized during two outbreaks (2005–2006 and 2017–2018) in Ukraine

Clinical and epidemiological features of measles in children hospitalized during two outbreaks (2005–2006 and 2017–2018) in Ukraine

Nationwide Molecular Epidemiology of Measles Virus in Japan Between 2008 and 2017

Challenges to Achieving Measles Elimination, Georgia, 2013–2018

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