Molecular surveillance of mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Gabon and Ethiopia

Gebru, Tamirat; Hailu, Asrat; Kremsner, Peter G.; Kun, Jürgen F. J.; Grobusch, Martin P.

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-5-112

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although the mechanism of action of atovaquone, which is in the antiprotozoal hydroxy naphthoquinone group, has not been fully determined, it has been stated that the parasite inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and causes collapse of the mitochondrial membrane by acting on the cytochrome b gene on the mitochondrial inner membrane. 25,26 It is thought that buparvaquone used in the treatment disrupts the mitochondria of the parasite in the early period and therefore, due to its structural similarities, buparvaquone acts similarly to atovaquone used in the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii and malaria. 27,28 Buparvaquone has been reported to show 100-fold increased activation against amastigotes (intracellular parasitic form) compared to other hydroxynaphthoquinones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions

EVCİ GÜNEY,

ŞENTÜRK

2023

Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine

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Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic protozoan that causes neonatal calf diarrhea common in the world. Buparvaquone, known to have very positive effects on oocysts, which are the central reserve in the spread of infection, has not yet been investigated for its hemato-biochemical aspect in calves with cryptosporidiosis. The present study investigated the effect of buparvaquone on renal and hepatic functions in naturally infected newborn calves with cryptosporidiosis. A group was formed for this study using only a total of ten calves (n=10) naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Buparvaquone 2.5 mg/kg intramuscular injection was administered as a single dose to all calves in the group. Laboratory analyses and statistical calculations of blood and serum samples taken on the specified days were made. According to the results we obtained in the study, it was observed that the renal and hepatic effects of the drug after a single dose injection of buparvaquone to calves with neonatal cryptosporidiosis remained within normal limits, similar to the methods safely applied in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in the field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions

EVCİ GÜNEY,

ŞENTÜRK

2023

Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine

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“…Buparvaquone causes the lysis of lymphocytes and erythrocytes invaded by Theileria schizonts and Babesia pyroplasma forms. Although its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it is thought that the drug prevents the mitochondrial electron transport of the protozoon and the pyrimidine synthesis (Sherman, 1998;Gebru et al, 2006) which is necessary for the development and reproduction of protozoa (Hacilarlioglu, 2013). Buparvaquone is thought to have similar effects with atovaquone, which is used in the treatment of malaria and Toxoplasma gondii infection (Mehlhorn 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of buparvaquone and paromomycin on oocyst excretion and clinical parameters in diarrheal calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis

Evci

Şentürk

2023

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Cryptosporidium is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects a wide variety of hosts. Twenty calves with cryptosporidiosis were divided into two groups. A single dose of 2.5 mg/kg buparvaquone was administered intramuscularly to one group, while 100 mg/kg/day paromomycin was administered orally to the other group. The results obtained from the study in which oocyst shedding and clinical parameters of sucking reflex, mental status, oocyst scattering were observed in both groups offer an effective control option with this study, which provides results that support the application of a single dose of buparvaquone injection against the complex treatment methods applied to calves with cryptosporidiosis in the field. In this study, a significant decrease in oocyst shedding and rapid improvement in clinical findings were observed in calves.

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“…Some have been associated with mutations in the cytb gene, since in vitro resistance to AP was correlated especially with mutations at codon 268 of that gene [ 39 - 41 ]. A molecular survey from Ethiopia and Gabon detected no mutations in the pfcytb gene of samples from Ethiopia but several different mutations in 10% of Gabonian samples, although AP was not in use in both regions [ 42 ]. Spontaneous mutations are rare but seem to occure independent from drug pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different mutation patterns of Plasmodium falciparum among patients in Jimma University Hospital, Ethiopia

Eshetu

Berens-Riha

Fekadu

et al. 2010

Malar J

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BackgroundThe emergence of drug resistance is a major problem in malaria control. Combination of molecular genotyping and characterization of mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) correlated with drug resistance can provide information for subsequent surveillance of existing and developing drug resistance patterns. The introduction of artemether/lumefantrine (AL) as first-line treatment, never used before in Ethiopia, allowed the collection of baseline data of molecular polymorphisms before a selection due to AL could occur.Method97 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were recruited from April to June 2006 and treated with either AL, quinine (Q) or atovaquone/proguanil (AP) in Jimma University Hospital, Ethiopia. Mutations or SNPs associated with resistance to these drugs were analysed by RFLP (pfdhfr, pfmdr1) and sequencing of the target genes (pfcytb, pfserca ).ResultsSNPs previously reported to be associated with resistance to the study drugs were identified in recrudescent and treatment sensitive isolates. A total of seven recrudescences were obtained. The pfmdr1 N86Y mutation was found in 84.5% of isolates. The triple mutation 51I,59R,108N of the pfdhfr gene occured in high frequency (83.3%) but no pfcytb mutation was detected. Sequencing showed a variety of previously described and new mutations in the pfserca gene.ConclusionThe prevalence of mutations was in accordance with the expected patterns considering recent drug regimens. The broad introduction of AL and the cessation of former drug regimens might probably change the current distribution of polymorphisms, possibly leading to decreased sensitivity to AL in future. Continuous surveillance of molecular patterns in this region is, therefore, recommended.

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Molecular surveillance of mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Gabon and Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions

Evaluation of the Effect of Buparvaquone Used in the Treatment of Neonatal Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium Spp. on Renal and Hepatic Functions

Comparison of the effects of buparvaquone and paromomycin on oocyst excretion and clinical parameters in diarrheal calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis

Different mutation patterns of Plasmodium falciparum among patients in Jimma University Hospital, Ethiopia

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