Molecular testing and targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: Current status and perspectives

Imyanitov, Evgeny N.; Iyevleva, Aglaya G.; Levchenko, Evgeny

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103194

Cited by 335 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

220

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Currently, there are different methods to diagnose HER2 overexpression, including IHC, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas, FISH, silver in situ hybridization (SISH), chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), PCR, Southern blot, and NGS [114] are employed to detect HER2 amplification [115]. Finally, HER2 mutations are detected by NGS, Sanger sequencing, qRT-PCR, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) [116]. Approximately 80% of HER2 evaluations start with IHC as a screening test.…”

Section: Diagnostic Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Emerging Molecular Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Rebuzzi

Zullo

Rossi

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the scenario of systemic treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, one of the most relevant breakthroughs is represented by targeted therapies. Throughout the last years, inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-Ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) have been approved and are currently used in clinical practice. However, other promising molecular drivers are rapidly emerging as therapeutic targets. This review aims to cover the molecular alterations with a potential clinical impact in NSCLC, including amplifications or mutations of the mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (MET), fusions of rearranged during transfection (RET), rearrangements of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase (NTRK) genes, mutations of the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), as well as amplifications or mutations of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Additionally, we summarized the current status of targeted agents under investigation for such alterations. This revision of the current literature on emerging molecular targets is needed as the evolving knowledge on novel actionable oncogenic drivers and targeted agents is expected to increase the proportion of patients who will benefit from tailored therapeutic approaches.

show abstract

Section: Diagnostic Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Emerging Molecular Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Rebuzzi

Zullo

Rossi

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In most countries, including France, the detection of a genomic alteration in one of these genes leads to treatment with osimertinib (EGFR mutation); alectinib, brigatinib, or lorlatinib (ALK rearrangements); crizotinib (ROS1 rearrangements); the association dabrafenib/trabetinib (BRAFV600 mutation); or larotrectinib or entrectinib (NTRK rearrangements). The tests can be performed with cytological and/or liquid samples but their sensitivity, and even their specificity, are generally more variable than tests with tissue samples [44][45][46][47][48]. The evaluation of PD-L1 can be performed and validated with cytological samples but has not been validated in daily routine with blood samples [41,[49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Biomarkers Assessed At Diagnosis With Cytological Samples And/or Liquid Biopsies Obtained From Advanced Non-squamous Non-small-cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aside from the "big five" biomarkers, the arrival of other biomarkers for short-(genetic alterations in proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (RET) and MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET)], mid-(genetic alterations in v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( G12CHER2), and Neuregulin 1 (NRG1)), or long-term detection (genetic alterations in SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4 (SMARCA4), nuclear protein in testis (NUT), and other genes) has to involve validation on cytological and/or blood samples (Table 1). Thus, the choice of first-line targeted therapy based on the detection of these biomarkers with cytological and liquid biological samples is and could be a complementary approach to tissue biopsies [42,44].…”

Section: Biomarkers Assessed At Diagnosis With Cytological Samples And/or Liquid Biopsies Obtained From Advanced Non-squamous Non-small-cmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is New in Biomarker Testing at Diagnosis of Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma? Implications for Cytology and Liquid Biopsy

Hofman

2021

JMP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The discovery and clinical validation of biomarkers predictive of the response of non-squamous non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NS-NSCLC) to therapeutic strategies continue to provide new data. The evaluation of novel treatments is based on molecular analyses aimed at determining their efficacy. These tests are increasing in number, but the tissue specimens are smaller and smaller and/or can have few tumor cells. Indeed, in addition to tissue samples, complementary cytological and/or blood samples can also give access to these biomarkers. To date, it is recommended and necessary to look for the status of five genomic molecular biomarkers (EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAFV600, NTRK) and of a protein biomarker (PD-L1). However, the short- and more or less long-term emergence of new targeted treatments of genomic alterations on RET and MET, but also on others’ genomic alteration, notably on KRAS, HER2, NRG1, SMARCA4, and NUT, have made cellular and blood samples essential for molecular testing. The aim of this review is to present the interest in using cytological and/or liquid biopsies as complementary biological material, or as an alternative to tissue specimens, for detection at diagnosis of new predictive biomarkers of NS-NSCLC.

show abstract

“…It was observed that EGFR (as well as its oncogenic mutants) and its signaling network proteins were commonly expressed in lung cancer exosomes from varying sources [74][75][76]. EGFR mutation relevance in malignancies is well recognized [77]. In so doing, it is important to monitor and further understand the biology of exosomes carrying EGFR mutations.…”

Section: Functional Effect Of Egfr-mutated Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: a new perspective in EGFR-mutated lung cancer

Jouida

McCarthy

Fabre

et al. 2021

Cancer Metastasis Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exosomes are major contributors in cell to cell communication due to their ability to transfer biological material such as protein, RNA, DNA, and miRNA. Additionally, they play a role in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression, and recently, they have emerged as a potential source of information on tumor detection and may be useful as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive tools. This review focuses on exosomes from lung cancer with a focus on EGFR mutations. Here, we outline the role of exosomes and their functional effect in carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Finally, we discuss the possibility of exosomes as novel biomarkers in early detection, diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic response in EGFR-mutated lung cancer.

show abstract

Molecular testing and targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: Current status and perspectives

Cited by 335 publications

References 144 publications

Novel Emerging Molecular Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Novel Emerging Molecular Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

What Is New in Biomarker Testing at Diagnosis of Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma? Implications for Cytology and Liquid Biopsy

Exosomes: a new perspective in EGFR-mutated lung cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About