2007
DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00009-07
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Molecular Testing in the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Hepatitis B

Abstract: SUMMARY Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus with a small (3.2-kb) partially double-stranded DNA genome that causes acute and chronic infections. The impact of these infections on public health worldwide is enormous, with an estimated prevalence of 2 billion acute infections and 360 million chronic infections globally. This review focuses on chronic hepatitis B and the molecular assays used in its diagnosis and management. Background information, including that about features of the … Show more

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Cited by 137 publications
(108 citation statements)
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References 173 publications
(198 reference statements)
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“…Tests for occult HBV infection are considered in the following conditions: in patients with cryptogenic liver disease, especially when having anti-HBc in serum; in patients considering immunosuppression therapy or chemotherapy; and in solid organ transplantation donors, due to the possibilities for transmission (59).…”
Section: Diagnosis Of Hepatitis B Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Tests for occult HBV infection are considered in the following conditions: in patients with cryptogenic liver disease, especially when having anti-HBc in serum; in patients considering immunosuppression therapy or chemotherapy; and in solid organ transplantation donors, due to the possibilities for transmission (59).…”
Section: Diagnosis Of Hepatitis B Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The failure of individuals to clear HBV leads to a chronic infection, characterized by carriage of the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), a marker of infectivity as well as possible progression to end-stage hepatic diseases such as cirrhosis or primary hepatocellular carcinoma [1].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first phase is called the immune tolerance phase and this occurs when the infection is contracted during childhood and lasts for 1-2 decades. Individuals in this phase have high levels of serum HBV DNA (10 7 -10 11 copies/mL) with normal ALT levels as the liver necroinflammatory changes are minimal [36]. HBeAg, a truncated transcriptional product of HBV core gene, is present in the serum during immune tolerance phase.…”
Section: Chronic Infectionmentioning
confidence: 99%