Molecular tuning of sulfur doped quinoline oligomer derived soft carbon for superior potassium storage

CoNi2S4 Electrode with High Mass‐Loading for High‐Energy‐Density Supercapacitor: Role of S‐Containing Anions Exchange

“…In S 2p region (Figure 1b), the main peak at 160–166 eV is fitted by three Gaussian functions, including two strong components at 161.5 eV and 162.7 eV respectively and a small peak at 164.3 eV. It should be pointed out that there were different affiliations of such peaks in the literatures [31–34] . In this work, the peaks at 161.5 eV for S 2p 3/2 and 162.7 eV for S 2p 1/2 are indexed to metal‐S bonds (Ni−S or Co−S), and the peak at 164.2 eV is related to the low‐valence S species (S 8 molecules or polysulfide ions) [35–37] .…”

“…It should be pointed out that there were different affiliations of such peaks in the literatures. [31][32][33][34] In this work, the peaks at 161.5 eV for S 2p 3/2 and 162.7 eV for S 2p 1/2 are indexed to metal-S bonds (NiÀ S or CoÀ S), and the peak at 164.2 eV is related to the low-valence S species (S 8 molecules or polysulfide ions). [35][36][37] The peak at 167-171 eV is assigned to the surface S species in higher oxidation state, mostly coming from sulfate or sulfite-like species from surface oxidation.…”

The structural changes and sodium storage in the carbon phase of cobalt sulfide/carbon composites

“…This phenomenon is in good accordance with other S-rich carbon materials. [31][32][33] For the Co 4 S 3 -HC composites, the crystal diffraction peaks at 30.61, 35.31, 46.81, 51.91 and 54.231 represented the (100), ( 101), ( 102), ( 003) and (110) crystal planes of Co 4 S 3 (JCPDS no. 02-1456), respectively.…”

Synthesis Strategies and Applications for Pitch‐Based Anode: From Industrial By‐Products to Power Sources

“…“One‐step” means direct carbonization without any treatment, so the products (called coke material) prepared in this way retain the inherent characteristics of SC, such as a high degree of graphitization, few structural defects, and a narrow interlayer spacing (still wider than graphite) [27,92–94] . The phenomenon is caused by powerful π–π interactions during the carbonization process, which promotes the directional arrangement of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules and limits the formation of defects and active sites [30,95] . The process of this method is exhibited in Figure 4.…”

“…[27,[92][93][94] The phenomenon is caused by powerful π-π interactions during the carbonization process, which promotes the directional arrangement of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules and limits the formation of defects and active sites. [30,95] The process of this method is exhibited in Figure 4. Wu et al [84] used direct pyrolysis of petroleum pitch in the temperature range of 600 to 2800 °C to create a series of SCs.…”