Molecular typing of clinical and environmental isolates in the Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul

Casali, Agnes Kiesling; Goulart, Letícia Silveira; Kmetzsch, Lívia; Ribeiro, Ângela Medeiros; Amaral, Aline Almeida; Alves, Sydney Hartz; Schrank, Augusto; Meyer, Wieland; Vainstein, Marilene Henning

doi:10.1016/s1567-1356(03)00038-2

Cited by 105 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…grubii, serotype A. This finding is consistent with previous studies showing that the majority of the cases of cryptococcosis in immunocompromised hosts, mainly patients with AIDS, in Brazil as well as worldwide, are caused by serotype A 11,12,39,41 . NISHIKAWA et al serotyped 467 C. neoformans isolates from clinical and environmental sources in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Several molecular typing methods have been used in epidemiological analyses of clinical and/or environmental isolates of C. neoformans, including karyotyping, PCR fingerprinting, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) 5,7,8,10,12,16,22,26,37,45 . PCR-fingerprinting using mini (M13) or microsatellite [(GACA) 4 ] specific sequences as single primers and RFLP (PLB1 and URA5 genes) methods have grouped global isolates of C. neoformans into eight major molecular types 32,37,38 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotyping, serotyping and determination of mating-type of Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from São Paulo State, Brazil

Matsumoto

Fusco‐Almeida

Baeza

et al. 2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans is an important fungal pathogen mainly in immunocompromised patients. In this study, 47 clinical isolates of C. neoformans from regions of São Paulo State were studied serologically by using the Crypto Check Iatron RM 304-K kit, their genetic diversity was estimated by PCR-fingerprinting with a microsatellite-specific sequence (GACA) 4 , RAPD with primer 6 (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the phospholipase B gene (PLB1) digested with AvaI and mating type analysis by PCR. All 47 strains isolated from HIV positive patients included in this study were serotype A and MATα. The majority of the isolates (45/47) were VNI and only two were VNII by PCR-fingerprinting and PCR-RFLP analysis. High degree of homogeneity was observed when (GACA) 4 was used, being highly correlated (> 0.9). In contrast, the RAPD analysis was more heterogeneous with higher number of molecular profiles. By PCR-RFLP, no new molecular type was found, enhancing the suggestion that the differences based on conserved gene as PLB1, can be resultant of ongoing divergent evolution within the C. neoformans complex, into the current eight subtypes. Our results furnish new information on the molecular epidemiology of C. neoformans in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping, serotyping and determination of mating-type of Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from São Paulo State, Brazil

Matsumoto

Fusco‐Almeida

Baeza

et al. 2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…gattii species complex recovered from the environment was extracted as previously described (22). Serotype was determined using the multiplex PCR described by Ito-Kuwa et al, with some modifications (23).…”

Section: Sample Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primer aislamiento ambiental de Cryptococcus gattii de serotipo B, en Cúcuta, Colombia

Firacative

Torres

Rodríguez³

et al. 2011

biomedica

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Introduction. In Cúcuta, Cryptococcus gattii serotype B is commonly recovered from immunocompetent patients with cryptococcosis, but it has not been recovered from the environment in spite of its high incidence which is 77% out of reported cases. Objective. The aim of this work was to carry out an extensive environmental sampling in Cúcuta, in an attempt to isolate C. gattii serotype B and to expand our knowledge about the ecology and epidemiology of this important yeast. Materials and methods. Samples associated with 3,634 trees from 40 zones of Cúcuta were collected and processed with 28 samples collected near the houses of four patients with cryptococcosis caused by C. gattii serotype B. The serotype of the recovered isolates was done using multiplex PCR, molecular patterns were determined by RFLP of the URA5 gene and mating type was determined using the primers MfαU, MfαL, MFa2U and MFa2L. Results. In total, 4,389 samples were processed and one isolate of C. gattii serotype B (VGI/a), two isolates of C. gattii serotype C (VGIII/α) and three isolates of C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A (VNI/α), were recovered. The density of the recovered isolates varied from 50 to 350 cfu/g of soil.Conclusions. This is the first report on the environmental isolation of C. gattii serotype B from Cúcuta. However, because of the low rate of recovery of isolates from soil only, the environmental niche of C. gattii has not been established and further environmental studies in Cúcuta are necessary, owing that this serotype is not only causing cryptococcosis but also has shown a higher virulence after the Vancouver outbreak.

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“…Only a few Brazilian studies have investigated the molecular types of environmental Cryptococcus 1,2,3,22,24,28,35 . The distribution of molecular types using the specific primer M13 shows the predominance of VNI (serotype A) in surveyed regions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of molecular types using the specific primer M13 shows the predominance of VNI (serotype A) in surveyed regions. It is worthwhile to note the presence of VNIV (serotype D) in eucalypt trees in the deep south of Brazil, a subtropical region 2,28 , and of VGI (C. gattii serotype B) in excreta of psittaciformes in the same region 1 . Study of clinical isolates in São Paulo showed that all of them were serotype A and the majority belonged to the molecular type VNI 22 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolated in Vitoria, ES, Brazil

Ribeiro

Ngamskulrungroj

2008

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYCryptococcus neoformans is the major cause of fungal meningitis, a potentially lethal mycosis. Bird excreta can be considered a significant environmental reservoir of this species in urban areas, thirty-three samples of pigeon excreta were collected within the city of Vitoria, Brazil. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated and identified using standard biochemical assays in ten samples. PCR amplification with primer M13 and orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase (URA5) gene-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis discerned serotypes and genotypes within this species. All isolates were serotype A (C. neoformans var. grubii) and genotype VNI. The two alternative alleles a and a at the mating type locus were determined by PCR amplification and mating assays performed on V8 medium. All isolates were MAT a mating type but only 50% were able to mate in vitro with the opposite mating type MAT a tester strains (JEC20, KN99a and Bt63). This study adds information on the ecology and molecular characterization of C. neoformans in the Southeast region of Brazil.

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Molecular typing of clinical and environmental isolates in the Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 105 publications

References 49 publications

Genotyping, serotyping and determination of mating-type of Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from São Paulo State, Brazil

Genotyping, serotyping and determination of mating-type of Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from São Paulo State, Brazil

Primer aislamiento ambiental de Cryptococcus gattii de serotipo B, en Cúcuta, Colombia

Molecular characterization of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolated in Vitoria, ES, Brazil

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