Molecularly imprinted polymers and capillary electrophoresis for sensing phytoestrogens in milk

Abstract

Dairy cow feed contains, among other ingredients, soybeans, legumes, and clover, plants that are rich in phytoestrogens. Several publications have reported a positive influence of phytoestrogens on human health; however, several unfavorable effects have also been reported. In this work, a simple, selective, and ecofriendly method of phytoestrogen isolation based on the technique of noncovalent molecular imprinting was developed. Genistein was used as a template, and dopamine was chosen as a functional monomer. A layer of molecularly imprinted polymers was created in a microtitration well plate. The binding capability and selective properties of obtained molecularly imprinted polymers were investigated. The imprinted polymers exhibited higher binding affinity toward chosen phytoestrogen than did the nonimprinted polymers. A selectivity factor of 6.94 was calculated, confirming satisfactory selectivity of the polymeric layer. The applicability of the proposed sensing method was tested by isolation of genistein from a real sample of bovine milk and combined with micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with UV-visible detection

Recent Developments in the Detection of Organic Contaminants Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Combined with Various Analytical Techniques

“…The following example of utilizing the CE method was reported by Bezdekova [74]. In this investigation, a method was invented for the selective isolation of phytoestrogens through noncovalent molecular imprinting.…”

Preparation and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Flavonoids: Review and Perspective

“…Under the optimized conditions of dSPE with the MIPs as adsorbents, extraction of luteolin was successful from four herbs (Feverfew, Senecio Cineraria, Honeysuckle and Semen Plantaginis) and the recovery was 93.9–114%. Similarly, aiming at the separation of kaempferol in Sea-Buckthorn Leaves [ 77 ], genistein in milk [ 78 ], quercetin in blood samples [ 31 ] and red wine [ 79 ], MIP-based dSPE in the real samples were also achieved.…”

Capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics: Advances and applications in the period February 2019–February 2021

“…Apart from conventional CE and CZE, MEKC has also been applied for the study of small organic molecules. In this sense, Bezdekova et al combined the efficiency of a molecularly imprinted polymer-based extraction with the fastness and good performance of MEKC-UV for the assessment of phytoestrogens in milk samples [94]. Phytoestrogens are a group of compounds present in soybeans, legumes, and clover, plants that can be present in vegetable milk or even in animal milk due to the high content of these kinds of products in dairy cow feed.…”