Molluscan Shell Proteins: Primary Structure, Origin, and Evolution

Marin, Frédéric; Luquet, Gilles; Marie, Benjamin; Medaković, Davorin

doi:10.1016/s0070-2153(07)80006-8

Cited by 495 publications

(506 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…[50,51] It may occur as well in the formation of nacre tissues, in particular for hardening of the chitinoprotein framework. [17] Thirdly, from recent reviews on shell proteins, [12,13] the primary structures of several shell matrix proteins exhibit organization in modules. Some of our recent data suggest that these modules may serve as "functional blocks" in different proteins, soluble or not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We performed an alignment two by two with all the 65 known molluskan shell proteins, [13] using the SIM tool from the Expasy server (http:// www.expasy.org/tools/sim.html). In no case did we obtain a perfect match.…”

Section: Sequence Alignmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] In parallel, biochemical characterizations have shown that the nacre matrix comprises a large set of macromolecular components, such as chitin, [9] hydrophobic "framework" proteins, [10] proteins with elastomeric properties, [11] and several soluble proteins and glycoproteins. [12,13] For a few years, new dynamic models of nacre formation have been used in attempts to conciliate both biochemical and ultrastructural data. [1] Particular emphasis has been placed on the prominent role played by chitin in spatially structuring the organic framework, [1,14] the distribution of key biochemical functions at the surfaces of nacre tablets, [15] the existence of a transient precursor amorphous phase, [16] and the growth of nacre tablets in a hydrophobic gel, which hardens and becomes insoluble when nacre tablets coalesce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Nacre: Biochemistry and Proteomics of the Shell Organic Matrix of the Cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus

Marie¹,

Marin²,

Marie³

et al. 2009

ChemBioChem

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Matrix evolutions: We have biochemically characterized the nacre matrix of the cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus, in part by a proteomic approach applied to the acetic acid‐soluble and ‐insoluble shell matrices, as well as to spots obtained after 2D gel electrophoresis. Strikingly, most of the obtained partial sequences are entirely new, whereas a few correspond only partly with bivalvian nacre proteins. Our findings shed new light on the macroevolution of nacre matrix proteins. magnified imageIn mollusks, one of the most widely studied shell textures is nacre, the lustrous aragonitic layer that constitutes the internal components of the shells of several bivalves, a few gastropods, and one cephalopod: the nautilus. Nacre contains a minor organic fraction, which displays a wide range of functions in relation to the biomineralization process. Here, we have biochemically characterized the nacre matrix of the cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus. The acid‐soluble matrix contains a mixture of polydisperse and discrete proteins and glycoproteins, which interact with the formation of calcite crystals. In addition, a few bind calcium ions. Furthermore, we have used a proteomic approach, which was applied to the acetic acid‐soluble and ‐insoluble shell matrices, as well as to spots obtained after 2D gel electrophoresis. Our data demonstrate that the insoluble and soluble matrices, although different in their bulk monosaccharide and amino acid compositions, contain numerous shared peptides. Strikingly, most of the obtained partial sequences are entirely new. A few only partly match with bivalvian nacre proteins. Our findings have implications for knowledge of the long‐term evolution of molluskan nacre matrices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sequence Alignmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Nacre: Biochemistry and Proteomics of the Shell Organic Matrix of the Cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus

Marie¹,

Marin²,

Marie³

et al. 2009

ChemBioChem

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“…However, acidification of the world's oceans by uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide poses a potentially serious threat to this ancient adaptation 4 . Understanding biomineralization and molluscan shell formation is, thus, a major area of interest 5 . Crassostrea gigas is also an interesting model for developmental biology owing to its mosaic development with typical molluscan stages, including trochophore and veliger larvae and metamorphosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation

Zhang

Fang

Guo³

et al. 2012

Nature

1,925

1,922

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The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas belongs to one of the most species-rich but genomically poorly explored phyla, the Mollusca. Here we report the sequencing and assembly of the oyster genome using short reads and a fosmid-pooling strategy, along with transcriptomes of development and stress response and the proteome of the shell. The oyster genome is highly polymorphic and rich in repetitive sequences, with some transposable elements still actively shaping variation. Transcriptome studies reveal an extensive set of genes responding to environmental stress. The expansion of genes coding for heat shock protein 70 and inhibitors of apoptosis is probably central to the oyster's adaptation to sessile life in the highly stressful intertidal zone. Our analyses also show that shell formation in molluscs is more complex than currently understood and involves extensive participation of cells and their exosomes. The oyster genome sequence fills a void in our understanding of the Lophotrochozoa.Oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface and harbour most of the phylum diversity of the animal kingdom. Understanding marine biodiversity and its evolution remains a major challenge. The Pacific oyster C. gigas (Thunberg, 1793) is a marine bivalve belonging to the phylum Mollusca, which contains the largest number of described marine animal species 1 . Molluscs have vital roles in the functioning of marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems, and have had major effects on humans, primarily as food sources but also as sources of dyes, decorative pearls and shells, vectors of parasites, and biofouling or destructive agents. Many molluscs are important fishery and aquaculture species, as well as models for studying neurobiology, biomineralization, ocean acidification and adaptation to coastal environments under climate change 2,3 . As the most speciose member of the Lophotrochozoa, phylum Mollusca is central to our understanding of the biology and evolution of this superphylum of protostomes.As sessile marine animals living in estuarine and intertidal regions, oysters must cope with harsh and dynamically changing environments. Abiotic factors such as temperature and salinity fluctuate wildly, and toxic metals and desiccation also pose serious challenges. Filter-feeding oysters face tremendous exposure to microbial pathogens. Oysters do have a notable physical line of defence against predation and desiccation in the formation of thick calcified shells, a key evolutionary innovation making molluscs a successful group. However, acidification of the world's oceans by uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide poses a potentially serious threat to this ancient adaptation 4 . Understanding biomineralization and molluscan shell formation is, thus, a major area of interest 5 . Crassostrea gigas is also an interesting model for developmental biology owing to its mosaic development with typical molluscan stages, including trochophore and veliger larvae and metamorphosis.A complete genome sequence of C. gigas would enable a more th...

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“…The primary structure, origin and evolution of shell matrix proteins of molluscs have been reviewed by Marin et al (2008). Oysters have two complex layers in their shells: the nacreous and the prismatic layers (Sudo et al 1997).…”

Section: Types Of Substrates and Mechanisms For Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of endolithic fungi in bioerosion and disease in marine ecosystems. I. General concepts

et al. 2017

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Endolithic true fungi and fungus-like microorganisms penetrate calcareous substrates formed by living organisms, cause significant bioerosion and are involved in diseases of many host animals in marine ecosystems. A theoretical interactive model for the ecology of reef-building corals is proposed in this review. This model includes five principle partners that exist in a dynamic equilibrium: polyps of a colonial coelenterate, endosymbiotic zooxanthellae, endolithic algae (that penetrate coral skeletons), endolithic fungi (that attack the endolithic algae, the zooxanthellae and the polyps) and prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms (which live in the coral mucus). Endolithic fungi and fungus-like boring microorganisms are important components of the marine calcium carbonate cycle because they actively contribute to the biodegradation of shells of animals composed of calcium carbonate and calcareous geological substrates.

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Molluscan Shell Proteins: Primary Structure, Origin, and Evolution

Cited by 495 publications

References 190 publications

Evolution of Nacre: Biochemistry and Proteomics of the Shell Organic Matrix of the Cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus

Evolution of Nacre: Biochemistry and Proteomics of the Shell Organic Matrix of the Cephalopod Nautilus macromphalus

The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation

The roles of endolithic fungi in bioerosion and disease in marine ecosystems. I. General concepts

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