Molluscicidal activity of various solvent extracts fromSolanum nigrumvar.villosumL. aerial parts againstGalba truncatula

Abstract

Molluscicidal activity of Solanum nigrum var. villosum (morelle velue) extracts and their fractions were tested against the mollusca gastropoda Galba truncatula intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica. The results indicated that the hydro-methanol (MeOH-H2O) immature fruit extract possess the highest molluscicidal activity (LC50 = 3.96 mg/L) against Galba truncatula compared with other tested compounds. After acido-basic treatment, the methanolic extract fraction isolated from the immature fruits and the richest in alkaloids was the most toxic (LC50 = 1.65 mg/L). The fractions richest in saponosides obtained from the hydromethanolic and methanolic extracts of immature fruits showed interesting molluscicidal activities (LC50 = 6.15 mg/L and LC50 = 7.91 mg/L, respectively). The observed molluscicide activity could be attributed to the presence of alkaloids or saponosides. So, the immature fruits of Solanum nigrum var. villosum could be substrates of choice for molluscicide activity. In addition, total alkaloids and saponosides present in this plant deserve further investigations in order to identify the active principles and demonstrate their activities on mollusks in their natural habitat. According to the World Health Organization’s guidelines on screening for plant molluscicides, use of these fractions may add to the arsenal of methods to control snail transmitting fasciolosis in tropical and Third World countries where fasciolosis is a common disease.

Molluscicidal activity ofSolanum elaeagnifoliumseeds againstGalba truncatulaintermediate host ofFasciola hepatica: Identification ofβ-solamarine

“…The seed methanolic extract showed a strong molluscicidal activity against Galba truncatula giving an LC 50 value of 1.18 mg/L after 48 h of action. This result goes with the fact that the molluscicidal potency of the genus Solanum is located in polar products (Hammami et al, 2011).…”

“…(Solanaceae) was a powerful molluscicide against Schistosoma mansoni snails at 1 mg/L and was planned for use in snail control in Democratic Republic of Congo where schistosomiasis is highly widespread. Even in our previous studies (Hammami et al, 2011), saponin-rich fractions obtained from the hydromethanolic and methanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum var. villosum L. (Solanaceae) immature fruits have showed interesting molluscicidal activities giving respective LC 50 values of 6.15 and 7.91 mg/L.…”

Antihistaminic and antiallergic actions of extracts of Solanum nigrum berries: Possible role in the treatment of asthma

“…Glycosides of S. nigrum fruit exhibits in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity (Jisha et al, 2011). Plant extracts has molluscicidal activity against Galba truncatula (Hammami et al, 2011), in-vitro antiviral activity against Hepatitis C Virus (Javed et al, 2011) and used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (Rahimi et al, 2010). Plant extract has potential application for treating metastatic melanoma (Wang et al, 2010), cytotoxic effect on HepG2 and CT26 cancer cell lines (Shokrzadeh et al, 2010) and in the treatment of breast cancer (Huang et al, 2010).…”

Host plant defenses of black (Solanum nigrum L.) and red nightshade (Solanum villosum Mill.) against specialist Solanaceae herbivore Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

“…The medicinal and aromatic plants Solanum nigrum and Solanum villosum , respectively, known as black nightshade and red nightshade, have been used in traditional folk medicine worldwide. Both species have recognized phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, and alkaloid compounds associated with many antioxidant properties including antipyretic, diuretic, antitumor, anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and molluscicidal activity (Atanu, Ebiloma, & Ajayi, ; Chowdhury, Laskar, & Chandra, ; Hammami, Mezghani‐Jarraya, Damak, & Ayadi, ; Rawani, Singha Ray, Ghosh, Sakar, & Chandra, ). To the best of our knowledge, only a few studies have been conducted to determine the beetle's response to these plants and the crop protective effects from their extracts (Hsiao & Fraenkel, ; Gokçe et al, ; Çam et al, ; Schmidt et al, ).…”