Molten-droplet-driven growth of MoS₂ flakes with controllable morphology transition for hydrogen evolution reactions

Abstract

The controllable fabrication of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) and deep understanding the corresponding processes mechanisms are of fundamental importance for their further applications. In this work, a molten-droplet-driven...

The effect of sulfuration reaction rates with sulphur concentration gradient dependence on the growth pattern and morphological evolution of MoS2 in laminar flow

“…However, excessive g can induce instability in crystal growth, leading to the formation of "dendritic structures". 38 In summary, when g is between L1 and L3, horizontal growth pattern dominates, facilitating the formation of monolayer or few-layer MoS 2 . Conversely, when g surpasses L1 or falls below L3, the vertical growth pattern dominates, resulting in multilayer MoS 2 .…”

“…However, excessively high growth rates can disrupt interface stability. The rapid growth rate at low surface free energy faces results in the inability of the atoms to move to appropriate lattice positions, which increases the probability of defect formation, reduces the smoothness of the crystal edges, and may result in the growth of "star-shaped" structures, 25 or dendritic morphologies 38,39 at grain boundaries, with an unrestricted thickness of the monolayer. Consequently, excessive flow rates may promote the vertical growth of MoS 2 , leading to crystals being more likely to grow under kinetic rather than thermodynamic conditions.…”