Quaternary transition metal cyanamides Na2MSn2(NCN)6 with M = Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni were
prepared via solid-state
metathesis reactions between Na2Sn(NCN)3 and
binary transition metal fluorides MF2 in a 2:1 molar ratio.
All phases crystallize isotypically in [NiAs]-derived structures (P3̅1m) with inter- and intra-layer
cation ordering over the octahedral sites. This leads to a highly
asymmetric coordination of the NCN2– anion, resulting
in a strong degree of cyanamide character, which is confirmed via
IR measurements. Intriguingly, the optical properties of Na2MSn2(NCN)6 phases change markedly as the nature
of the divalent transition metal is varied, and UV–vis measurements
evidence a band gap reduction from Mn (3.43 eV) via Fe (1.90 eV) to
Co (1.75 eV), which broadly mirrors the DFT+U calculated
energetic interval from the Fermi level to the unoccupied 3d states.
Mott–Schottky analysis then goes on to characterize Na2FeSn2(NCN)6 and Na2CoSn2(NCN)6 as n-type semiconductors
with flat-band potentials of 0.46 and −0.24 eV, respectively,
vs RHE. This study demonstrates the utility of transition metal substitutions,
within a flexible cyanamide framework, to electronically tune this
growing family of pseudo-oxides.