Molten Salt Synthesis and Its Electrochemical Characterization of Co3O4 for Lithium Batteries

Reddy, M. V.; Beichen, Zhang; Nicholette, Li Jia’en; Zhang, Kaimeng; Chowdari, B. V. R.

doi:10.1149/1.3556984

Cited by 99 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…2, as indicated by the short voltage plateau around 0.8 V. However, the reversibility is very poor. On the other hand, as for the fully charged sample, there is no signal of metallic Co identified by microstructural analysis except cobalt oxide such as Co 3 O 4 and CoO which is also detected in Li-ion batteries [36][37][38][39]. The formation of oxide is proved by the short voltage slope around 1.25 V. In the subsequent cycles, the discharge plateau at 0.2 V is disappeared.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Deng

Wang

2015

J Mater Sci

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A composite of transition metal oxide Co 3 O 4 and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) was applied as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries via a simply modified solid-state reaction and sonication method. The as-prepared Co 3 O 4 /MCNTs composite shows improved electrochemical performance than bare Co 3 O 4 owing to the Co 3 O 4 /MCNTs nanostructure that benefits Na ion and electronic transport together with buffering the large volume change of Co 3 O 4 during charging and discharging process. Additionally, the Na-storage behavior and the original capacity loss of Co 3 O 4 based on the conversion reaction have been investigated through cyclic voltammogram, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction. It is firstly demonstrated that in discharge state, Co 3 O 4 particles initially react with Na to produce CoO and then is further reduced to nanosized Co in an amorphous sodium oxides matrix. In the charge process, Co nanoparticles were partially oxidized to Co 3 O 4 , the other part of the CoO remain leading capacity loss. These results offer new insights into the electrochemical process of transition metal-based anode materials for Na-ion batteries.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Deng

Wang

2015

J Mater Sci

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“…The molten salt method is one of the simpler one-pot methods and usually its reactivity will be faster when compared to solid state reaction methods and this method offers defect free highly crystalline layered structure materials and no mixing and/or repeated reheating of the compounds are needed [23][24][25][26][27]. The initial reactants, 0.88 moles of LiNO 3 , 0.12 moles of LiCl, 1-x moles of (CH 3 COO) 2 Co and x moles of Mg(NO 3 ) 2 4H 2 O were weighed and heated in an alumina crucible at 800 °C in air for 6 h in a box furnace.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Bare and Mg-doped LiCoO2 as a cathode material for Lithium ion Batteries

Reddy

Jie

Jafta

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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In this paper, we report on the preparation of bare and Mg-doped Li(Mg x Co 1-x )O 2 (x = 0, 0.03, 0.05) phases by a molten salt method and their electrochemical properties. They were prepared at 800 °C for 6 h in air. Rietveld refined X-Ray Diffraction data of bare (x = 0) and charge capacity values at the 60 th cycle to be: 147 (±3) mAh g -1 (x = 0), 127 (±3) mAh g -1 (x = 0.03), and 131 (±3) mAh g -1 (x=0.05) cycled at a current density of 30 mA g -1 . Capacity retention is also favourable at 98.5 %.

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“…20 Co 3 O 4 has been extensively studied as an alternative material to graphite for rechargeable lithium batteries. 21 Iron-based spinel oxides, like Co 3 O 4 , were more stable during discharge/charge process. 10,14,15 However, cobalt is toxic and expensive because of comprising very few metal of the Earth's crust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A facile microwave-assisted approach to the synthesis of flower-like ZnCo₂O₄ anode materials for Li-ion batteries

Shih

Liu

2017

RSC Adv.

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A simple and rapid microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MH) method is used to synthesize spinel-based ZnCo 2 O 4 anode material for Li-ion batteries. Microwaves provide a uniform and rapid formation of the oxide at a low temperature of 190 C for a short reaction time of 15 minutes. The crystallinity, pore size distribution, surface morphology and characteristics, crystal structure, surface morphologies and electrochemical properties of ZnCo 2 O 4 (ZCO) are carried out by using X-diffraction (XRD), BrunauerEmmett-Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry, impedance and cyclic performance, respectively. The initial discharge capacity of microwave-ZCO (M-400) is 1510 mA h g À1 , at a current rate of 100 mA g À1. After 30 cycles, the M-400 sample delivers a reversible capacity as high as 1334 mA h g À1 at 100 mA g À1. For 10C tests, M-400 demonstrates a capacity of more than 605 mA h g À1, which is superior to that of conventional ZCO samples synthesized by hydrothermal reaction (C-400). In subsequent cycles, the capacity of M-400 recovers to 1664 mA h g À1 with the current density back to 0.1C and the diffusivity was higher than C-400 by $18 times. The comparable high capacity of the MH method indicates that it could be a viable route to easily synthesize spinel oxides.

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Molten Salt Synthesis and Its Electrochemical Characterization of Co3O4 for Lithium Batteries

Cited by 99 publications

References 20 publications

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Studies on Bare and Mg-doped LiCoO2 as a cathode material for Lithium ion Batteries

A facile microwave-assisted approach to the synthesis of flower-like ZnCo₂O₄ anode materials for Li-ion batteries

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Molten Salt Synthesis and Its Electrochemical Characterization of Co3O4 for Lithium Batteries

Cited by 99 publications

References 20 publications

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Electrochemical characterization of Co3O4/MCNTs composite anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Studies on Bare and Mg-doped LiCoO2 as a cathode material for Lithium ion Batteries

A facile microwave-assisted approach to the synthesis of flower-like ZnCo2O4 anode materials for Li-ion batteries

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A facile microwave-assisted approach to the synthesis of flower-like ZnCo₂O₄ anode materials for Li-ion batteries