Momentum and eddy kinetic energy transports by a multiple microburst‐producing storm

Lin, Yeong-Jer; Coover, John A.

doi:10.1029/jd095id06p07625

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There must be a momentum and kinetic energy transfer downward in the downdrafts to account for this discrepancy. In a separate paper, Lin and Coover (1990) examined this point in detail.…”

Section: Horizontal Distribution Of Storm-relative Wind and Radar Ref...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part I: Kinematic, Dynamic and Thermodynamic Structures

Lin¹,

William²,

Coover³

1991

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…There must be a momentum and kinetic energy transfer downward in the downdrafts to account for this discrepancy. In a separate paper, Lin and Coover (1990) examined this point in detail.…”

Section: Horizontal Distribution Of Storm-relative Wind and Radar Ref...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part I: Kinematic, Dynamic and Thermodynamic Structures

Lin¹,

William²,

Coover³

1991

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…Using the Doppler derived winds and retrieved thermodynamic variables for the same case at 1845 and1850 MDT 5 August, 1982, Lin andCoover (1990) investigated budgets of horizontal momentum fluxes and eddy kinetic energy. Results showed that the microburst activities in the ABL enhanced eddy trans fer processes of horizontal momentum and kinetic energy, especially in the areas of strongest downflowing air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part II: A Comparision Between the Simple Case and the Complex Case

Lin¹,

Coover²

1991

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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A cross-comparison in structure and internal dynamics was made between a single microburst-producing storm (the simple case) and a multiple microburst producing storm (the complex case) in Colorado. Emphasis was placed on the observed features m the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL} where the microburst activities dominated. In each case, the dual-Doppler derived winds and retrieved thermodynamic variables at two analysis times were employed to conduct th� study.Results show that there are similarities and differences in structural features between the two cases. Similar features found include: (1) the microbursts being investigated were embedded within the high-reflectivity regions with precipitation occurrence;(2) a wet microburst is accompanied by the bow echo with the outflow in the direction parallel to the maximum reflectivity gradient; (3) high pressure forms inside the microburst core with low pressure in the strongest outflow regions;(4. ) a rotor forms near the microburst gust front due to the outflow colliding with the environmental flow; (5) a net eddy transfer of horizontal momentum and kinetic energy in the microburst area is predominantly downward; and (6) the pressure and buoyancy effects are two main contributors to the generation/decay of hori� zontal momentum fluxes and eddy kinetic energy at the microburst levels. On the other hand, different features between the cases are (1) each case has unique en vironmental ingredients, such as the wind, vertical shear, stability, and moisture;(2) the environmental mean fl.ow in the ABL is opposite in direction {southeast versus northwest) ; (3) a strong (weak) downflow occurs in the main downdraft for the simple (complex) case; (4) only one microburc$t occurs in the simple case, while at lea.st two microbursts occur in the complex case at each analysis time; (5) no apparent circulation center is found in the simple case, while the complex case has the mesocyclone-like vortex and misocyclones; and (6) a wet microburst has a warm (cold) core for the simple (complex) case.

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A review of theoretical and observational studies in cloud and precipitation physics: 1991–1994

Rasmussen¹

1995

Reviews of Geophysics

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Through theoretical analysis, Chen and Lamb [1994] showed that the shape of an ice crystal due to depositional growth is controlled by two main factors: 1) the differe nce in the condensation coefficients of the prism and basal faces of the ice crystal, which is primarily a function of temperature, and 2) the difference in fluxes of water vapor to the prism and basal faces of 795 796 RASMUSSEN: A REVIEW OF THEORETICAL AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES the crystal. The vapor density gradients around a non-spherical particle and ventilation effects were also considered. Based on this theoretical analysis, a simple parameterization of the shape of an ice crystal grown by vapor deposition was developed that agreed well with previous empirical relations derived from observational data, providing a physical explanation for the observed form of the power law. The exponent of the power law turns out to be identical to the inherent growth rate (the ratio of the basal-face and prism-face condensation coefficients). This scheme was used to simulate the growth of ice crystals under both fixed and time varying conditions, with good agreement with previous results. This parameterization scheme developed on theoretical grounds provides a self-consistent way for understanding the evolution of ice crystal sizes and shapes, and may lead to improved microphysical parameterizations of ice crystal growth and shape in cloud and mesoscale models. Shapes and Fall Characteristics of HydrometeorsFeng and Beard [1991] developed a perturbation model of raindrop oscillation which includes aerodynamic effects using the method of multiple moments. They show that the characteristic frequencies for the axisymmetric oscillation (oblate-prolate type oscillation) modes increase with increasing flow past the drop, while the sectoral modes (oscillation between ellipsoids with alternating major axis 90° apart in the horizontal plane) decrease. They also suggest that the fine structure in the frequency spectrum of falling drops may play a role in determining which of the two modes mentioned above are dominant for a given raindrop.A general theory for the drag and fall speed of hydrometeors has been developed by Bohm [1992a] which includes the effects of hydrometeor growth and melting on terminal velocity. This theory takes into account continuously varying particle shape and mass, including columnar and branched planar ice crystals, rimed and unrimed aggregates, lump, conical, and hexagonal graupel, hail, and raindrops. RASMUSSEN: A REVIEW OF THEORETICAL AND OBSERVATIONALSTUDIES 805 free cumulus clouds, QJ.R. Meteorol. Soc, 118(507), 851-875,1992. Baum, B.A., B.A. Wielicki, P. Minnis and L. Parker, Cloudproperty retrieval using merged HIRS and AVHRR data, J. Appl. Meteor., 31(4), 351-369,1992. Beard, K.V., Ice initiation in warm-base convective clouds: An assessment of microphysical mechanisms, Atmos. Research, 28,125-152,1992. Beard, K.V. and H.T. Ochs IB, Warm-rain initiation: An overview of microphysical mechanisms, Atmospheric sulfur chemistry and cloud ...

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Momentum and eddy kinetic energy transports by a multiple microburst‐producing storm

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part I: Kinematic, Dynamic and Thermodynamic Structures

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part I: Kinematic, Dynamic and Thermodynamic Structures

Observational Study of a Multiple Microburst-Producing Storm Part II: A Comparision Between the Simple Case and the Complex Case

A review of theoretical and observational studies in cloud and precipitation physics: 1991–1994

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