Monitoramento Espaço-Temporal Das Áreas De Alto Risco De Covid-19 Nos Municípios Do Brasil

Barrozo, Lígia Vizeu; Serafim, Mirela Barros; Moraes, Sara Lopes de; Mansur, Giselle

doi:10.14393/hygeia0054547

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As cidades paulistas são marcadas por enormes disparidades socioespaciais, com elementos claros de periferização oriundos do recorte de classes que marca o espaço nacional. Principalmente os municípios médios e grandes (> 100 mil habitantes) apresentam maiores densidades demográficas, verticalização, redes de transporte capilarizadas e internalizadas, favelização, redes de água e esgoto ausentes ou precárias em parte das cidades, somando elementos que contribuem para o espalhamento da COVID-19 27 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo: a evolução de uma pandemia

Lorenz

Ferreira

Masuda

et al. 2021

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever, de forma retrospectiva, os casos graves de pacientes hospitalizados e os óbitos relacionados à epidemia de COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo, desde a data do primeiro registro, com início de sintomas em 10 de fevereiro de 2020 até registros disponíveis em 20 de maio de 2021. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado por meio da base de dados do Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe. Foram calculadas as taxas de incidência, mortalidade e incidência acumulada no período, estratificadas por faixa etária e agrupadas de acordo com cada Departamento Regional de Saúde. Os casos graves foram geocodificados para a análise de seu espalhamento pelo estado e foi calculado o R efetivo, que estima o potencial de propagação de um vírus em uma população. Resultados: Houve aumento significativo dos casos graves e óbitos registrados no período de um ano, e as taxas de incidência e mortalidade foram heterogêneas no estado. Os períodos mais críticos em relação à incidência de casos graves ocorreram entre maio e julho de 2020 e entre março e abril de 2021. Os Departamentos Regionais de Saúde de São José do Rio Preto, Grande São Paulo e Araçatuba concentraram as maiores taxas de incidência e mortalidade. Os casos graves e óbitos foram mais frequentes nos homens e na população acima de 60 anos, e as principais condições de risco relacionadas aos óbitos foram cardiopatia (59%) e diabetes (42,8%). Conclusões: Espera-se que esses resultados ofereçam embasamento e possam contribuir para uma ação de controle mais eficiente da COVID-19, além de permitir o entendimento histórico de sua evolução no estado.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo: a evolução de uma pandemia

Lorenz

Ferreira

Masuda

et al. 2021

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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“… 28 Also, cities with ≥100 000 inhabitants (like some of the detected clusters) are usually characterized by large sociospatial discrepancies and high demographic densities that, in addition to verticalization, transport networks, the growth of favelas and absent or precarious water and sewage networks, make them fertile ground for the dissemination of COVID-19. 17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this analysis, a single point is established within the polygon, called the centroid, to which the information of a given area is associated, aiming to identify the relative risk (RR) calculated for each statistically significant cluster identified. 17 The null hypothesis (H0) established was the absence of death clusters by COVID-19 in the municipalities of Maranhão, while the alternative hypothesis (H1) was that region Z would be a death cluster for COVID-19.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deaths due to COVID-19 in a state of northeastern Brazil: spatiotemporal distribution, sociodemographic and clinical and operational characteristics

Silva

Brito

Sousa

et al. 2021

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Background The detection of spatiotemporal clusters of deaths by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is essential for health systems and services, as it contributes to the allocation of resources and helps in effective decision making aimed at disease control and surveillance. Thus we aim to analyse the spatiotemporal distribution and describe sociodemographic and clinical and operational characteristics of COVID-19-related deaths in a Brazilian state. Methods A descriptive and ecological study was carried out in the state of Maranhão. The study population consisted of deaths by COVID-19 in the period from 29 March to 31 July 2020. The detection of spatiotemporal clusters was performed by spatiotemporal scan analysis. Results A total of 3001 deaths were analysed with an average age of 69 y, predominantly in males, of brown ethnicity, with arterial hypertension and diabetes, diagnosed mainly by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in public laboratories. The crude mortality rates the municipalities ranged from 0.00 to 102.24 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants and three spatiotemporal clusters of high relative risk were detected, with a mortality rate ranging from 20.25 to 91.49 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants per month. The headquarters was the metropolitan region of São Luís and municipalities with better socio-economic and health development. Conclusions The heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution and the sociodemographic and clinical and operational characteristics of deaths by COVID-19 point to the need for interventions.

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“…It is noteworthy that the lack of basic sanitation in cities and rural regions in the Amazon can increase the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the precarious surface and underground water supply systems, establishing the need for continuous monitoring of this pathogen in these environments, in order to predict and minimize future outbreaks of COVID-19. Barrozo et al (2020), França (2020), Gois et al (2020), Ribeiro et al (2020), Rodrigues and Rodrigues (2020) and Tavares and França (2020) were unanimous in concluding about the direct relationship between the greatest socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability in the Brazilian Amazon, especially in the North Region of Brazil, with the highest incidence and mortality from COVID-19 recorded in the respective study periods. Socio-spatial discrepancies within and between regions exacerbate the risks of contagion and death in the current pandemic scenario.…”

Section: Risks Of Basic Sanitation Deficit In a Pandemic Scenariomentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The fact is that neither the high temperatures of the Brazilian Northeast nor the heat associated with high relative humidity in the Amazon have prevented the advance of SARS-CoV-2, placing the States of Amazonas, Amapá, Acre, Roraima and Maranhão among those with higher COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates in Brazil (Figures 1 and 2, respectively). Barrozo et al (2020), through the Monitora-Clusters Project, whose objective is to monitor the high-risk active spatial and space-time clusters in the national territory during the course of the epidemic, as a powerful tool in helping to make health structure management decision-making , identified clusters at high risk of death, including the states of Amazonas and Maranhão. As of April 22, the North Region emerged as the new and most significant grouping of cases and deaths, corroborating the Amazon region as an important focus for the dissemination of COVID-19.…”

Section: The Covid-19 Pandemic -The Virus and Forms Of Contagionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water, sanitation and the COVID-19 in the Amazon

Costa

Rodrigues

Silva

et al. 2020

HOLOS

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Several studies on the pathophysiological and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 indicate the extracorporeal viability of the virus and the possibility of faecal-oral transmission through contaminated natural water and wastewater, suggesting a potential risk of spreading in socially vulnerable areas, such as the Brazilian Amazon, where access to sanitation and health services is lacking. Thus, an attempt we made to outline an overview of sanitation in the Brazilian Amazon and its possible impacts on the most vulnerable populations and on the health system in a pandemic situation, based on bibliographic and documentary review and exploratory analysis of data related to basic sanitation and health. The Amazon has a huge deficit in sanitation and in the structure of health services, especially in rural areas, increasing the risk of spreading infectious diseases such as COVID-19, whose progress has placed some of the Amazonian states in a prominent position in the rankings of incidence and mortality.

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Monitoramento Espaço-Temporal Das Áreas De Alto Risco De Covid-19 Nos Municípios Do Brasil

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo: a evolução de uma pandemia

COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo: a evolução de uma pandemia

Deaths due to COVID-19 in a state of northeastern Brazil: spatiotemporal distribution, sociodemographic and clinical and operational characteristics

Water, sanitation and the COVID-19 in the Amazon

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