Monitoring and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in household’s drinking water of Isfahan, Iran

Abdolahnejad, Ali; Gheisari, L.; Karimi, Masoud; Norastehfar, N.; Ebrahimpour, Karim; Mohammadi, Amir H.; Ghanbari, Reza; Ebrahimi, Afshin; Jafari, N A Joneydi

doi:10.1007/s13762-018-2143-7

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The DR values of 10 chemical compounds in the influent were more than 50%, including Ba (99.3%), dibutyl phthalate (92.1%), dioctyl phthalate (91.4%), polychlorinated biphenyls (81.4%), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (59.3%), trichlorobenzene (57.9%), dichloromethane (55.0%), dichloromethane (53.6%), microcystin-LR (50.7%), and 1,2-dichloroethane (50.7%). The results suggested that these pollutants were widely distributed, which were consistent with their global distributions [18,30,31]. More detailed informations were provided in Additional file 1: Tables S3 and S4.…”

Section: Distribution Of Chemical Compoundssupporting

confidence: 68%

Multiphasic screening of priority chemical compounds in drinking water by process control and human health risk

Liu

Qiao

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Eur

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Background The residual chemical pollutants in drinking water may cause adverse effects on human health. Chemical compounds potentially affecting human health have been widely explored, while the multiphasic evaluation of chemical compounds by process control and human health risk is still rarely reported. In the present study, we used multiphasic criteria to assess the health risk including effluent concentration, accumulation index, purification index for the removal efficiency during the drinking water treatment processes, carcinogen classification based on the International Agency for Research on Cancer standards, non-carcinogenic health hazards and carcinogenic risk. Results Among the monitored chemicals, 47 and 44 chemical compounds were detected in raw water and treated water, respectively. The generation and removal of chemical compounds implied that the migration and transformation of chemicals during the purification processes affected the effluent concentration, posing a direct potential health risk. Of these compounds, 41 contaminants’ profiles were screened as priority chemical compounds (PCCs). Conclusions The top eight PCCs with high carcinogenic risk were highlighted. Some effective steps, such as protecting the raw water sources, improving the removal performance and reducing the disinfection by-products during the purification process by introducing advanced treatment technologies, were suggested to maintain drinking water security. Collectively, our findings provided novel scientific supports for the sustainable management of drinking water to promote human health. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Distribution Of Chemical Compoundssupporting

confidence: 68%

Multiphasic screening of priority chemical compounds in drinking water by process control and human health risk

Liu

Qiao

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Eur

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“…Our result is in agreement with previous studies [ 13 , 29 ], where PAEs were not observed to pose a health risk to humans via exposure through surface water. Nevertheless, many studies have reported that some PAEs are environmentally active endocrine-disrupting pollutants, which can cause toxic and cancer effects at very low concentrations [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Although exposure to PAEs in our study was safe in terms of toxic (noncarcinogenic) and carcinogenic effects, assessment of contaminants from other sources, including indoor and outdoor air, cosmetics, drinking water, and food, is essential for determining the actual cumulative exposure [ 13 , 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, many studies have reported that some PAEs are environmentally active endocrine-disrupting pollutants, which can cause toxic and cancer effects at very low concentrations [60][61][62][63][64][65]. Although exposure to PAEs in our study was safe in terms of toxic (noncarcinogenic) and carcinogenic effects, assessment of contaminants from other sources, including indoor and outdoor air, cosmetics, drinking water, and food, is essential for determining the actual cumulative exposure [13,60]. Besides, the risk assessment approach used in this present study is only a deterministic approach, which presented a quantitative estimation of the human health risk.…”

Section: Human Health Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Ecological and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Surface Water of U-Tapao Canal, Southern, Thailand

Okpara

Witthayawirasak

2020

Toxics

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Phthalate esters (PAEs) are well known for their environmental contamination and endocrine-disrupting effects on wildlife and humans. In this study, the occurrence of PAEs and ecotoxicological risk assessments were performed in one of the significant canals in southern Thailand, named U-Tapao. Water samples were collected and analyzed for the six most common PAEs by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Of the 6 PAEs analyzed, only three PAEs, including di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) were detected in water samples. The total concentration of PAEs ranged from 1.44 to 12.08 µg/L, with a mean level of 4.76 µg/L. The total average concentration of PAEs found in the canal was higher than the criteria of 3 µg/L for PAEs recommended for the protection of fish and other aquatic organisms by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The results of the potential ecological risk assessment of the risk quotient (RQ) method revealed that DEHP and DiNP posed a high risk to algae and crustacean and crustacean and fish, respectively, whereas DBP posed a medium risk to the different aquatic species. However, current levels of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks via ingestion and dermal exposure in children and adults are within acceptable limits. The baseline data of PAEs in this canal will be beneficial to the strategic and future pollutant control along the canal network.

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“…Currently, phthalate exposure via diet, indoor dust, drinking water, personal care products and medicine are the most studied. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative risk assessment of phthalates in edible vegetable oil consumed by Chinese residents

Xiang

Gong

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND: Phthalates have been widely used as plasticizers in various industries and are widely focused on in the international community as a result of their reproductive toxicity. Exposure of Chinese residents to phthalates via edible vegetable oil occurs often. In the present study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect the two main phthalates bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in four major edible vegetable oil sources: an edible oil blend, soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil (a total of 1016 samples), as collected throughout China. Furthermore, cumulative risk assessment was used to estimate the reproductive health risk to Chinese residents caused by the phthalates that come from edible vegetable oils.RESULTS: Both phthalates were detected in four major edible vegetable oil sources. The phthalate with the highest detection rate was DBP (13.48%), followed by DEHP (7.78%). The results of the cumulative risk assessment showed that the hazard indices of these two phthalates in edible vegetable oils were less than 1, except in soybean oil. Nevertheless, the two phthalates had the lowest detection rates in soybean oil, which were 1.94% (DEHP) and 5.16% (DBP). In China, contamination levels of phthalates in the soils where oil crops are cultivated have a great influence on the phthalate concentrations in edible vegetable oils. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that Chinese residents who are consuming soybean oil choose well-known brands and regularly change their brand of consumption. The phthalates in edible vegetable oils pose a relatively small reproductive health risk to Chinese residents.

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Monitoring and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in household’s drinking water of Isfahan, Iran

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Multiphasic screening of priority chemical compounds in drinking water by process control and human health risk

Multiphasic screening of priority chemical compounds in drinking water by process control and human health risk

Occurrence, Ecological and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Surface Water of U-Tapao Canal, Southern, Thailand

Cumulative risk assessment of phthalates in edible vegetable oil consumed by Chinese residents

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