Monitoring fungal degradation of E-glass/phenolic fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites used in wood reinforcement

Taşçıoğlu, Cihat; Goodell, Barry; Lopez-Anido, Roberto; Peterson, Michael; Halteman, William; Jellison, Jody

doi:10.1016/s0964-8305(02)00100-2

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Eco-friendly and low cost considerations have set the momentum for material science researchers to identify green materials that give low pollutant indexes 4 Vegetable fiber reinforced polymer composite materials have been increasingly accepted for use in the construction and automotive industry because they combine advantages of both the fibers and the thermoplastic matrix 9 Such advantages include low cost, good thermal and acoustical insulation properties, availability, CO 2 sequestration enhanced energy recovery, reduced dermal and respiratory irritation, and reduced tool wear in machining operations 10 Indeed, fiber incorporation into a polymer is known to cause substantial changes in the mechanical properties of composites 11 The problem with combining vegetable fibers or lignocellulosic materials with a thermoplastic is their incompatibility 12 Incompatibility has been associated with the polar nature of the fibers and the interaction with the non-polar matrix. These problems are usually reduced by properly modifying the interface, which can alter the fiber surface 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interlaminar shear strength tested by the short-beam method (ASTM D2344) 25 is a standard test procedure widely accepted for the determination of fiber/matrix interface characteristics. The short-beam test has become one of the most popular methods used in the industry to determine the interlaminar shear bond quality of composites due to the ease of specimen preparation and the simplicity of the experimental procedure 9 . Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is an effective method for studying the relaxations in polymers and thereby the behavior of the material under various conditions of stress, temperature, and types of fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Biodegraded Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers: Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties

et al. 2016

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The present work aimed to study sugarcane bagasse fibers pre-treated with fungi and using NaOH/ anthraquinone (AQ) in chemical pulping processes for applications in composite materials. Bagasse was decayed with 250 mg of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora inoculum in a 20 L bioreactor. After that, samples were submitted to similar conditions of decaying without inoculum charge. Decayed and undecayed fibers were treated with NaOH 12.5 wt%, 0.15 of AQ and a 12:1 (v/w) liquor:bagasse ratio at 160°C. Then, all obtained fibers were characterized according to their chemical composition. Dried biotreated (decayed) and control (undecayed) fibers were mixed through an extruder process with polypropylene. Later, composite granulates were injected directly in mold with cavities for tensile, flexural and shear tests. Composite materials with 10 and 20 wt% fibers were submitted to static mechanical standard tests and DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) to evaluate the effect of biotreatment. Biotreatment, cook time (pulping), and fiber content contributed to improvements in the mechanical properties of the composites. The interface between fiber and matrix was increased with the biotreatment and pulping of fibers. Furthermore, DMA results also showed that fiber incorporation into PP improved the modulus, mainly for biotreated fibers/PP composites. The T g (tan δ data) from composites was dislocated at lower temperatures with respect to neat PP due to the influence of fibers on matrix.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Biodegraded Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers: Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties

et al. 2016

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“…Factors affecting fungal and fire resistance include type of polymer, wood/polymer ratio, wood species, and other additives. Previous research has found that zinc borate (ZnB) has various functions, including serving as an antifungal agent and flame retardant, as well as being less soluble. It also has a high processing temperature and is low‐cost and environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy, antifungal efficacies, and physical–mechanical properties for wood/polymer composites containing zinc borate

et al. 2016

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Summary This work aimed to examine flame retardancy, antifungal performance and physical–mechanical properties for silane‐treated wood–polymer composites (WPCs) containing zinc borate (ZnB). ZnB with content from 0.0 to 7.0 wt% was added to WPCs, and silane‐treated wood contents were varied. The polymers used were poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The decay test was performed according to the European standard EN 113. Loweporus sp., a white‐rot fungus, was used for antifungal performance evaluation. Antifungal performance was observed to decrease with wood content. Incorporation of ZnB at 1.0 wt% significantly increased the antifungal performance of WPCs. ZnB content of greater than 1.0 wt% lowered the antifungal properties of WPCs. The results suggested that the wood/PVC composite exhibited better antifungal performance than the wood/HDPE composite. The addition of wood flour to PVC and HDPE decreased flame retardancy, whereas the incorporation of ZnB retained the flame retardancy. ZnB was found to be more appropriate for wood/PVC than wood/HDPE as a result of hydrogen chloride generated from the dehydrochlorination reaction of PVC. The results indicated that the addition of ZnB did not affect the physical‐mechanical properties of neat polymers and the composites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…For this reason, choice of the strengthening layout and material should be guided by a precise analysis of the characteristics of the timber element to be repaired or reinforced in order to avoid unsuccessful interventions. The long-term durability of some FRP products needs to be studied and demonstrated [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basalt FRP Spike Repairing of Wood Beams

Righetti

Corradi

Borri

2015

Fibers

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This article describes aspects within an experimental program aimed at improving the structural performance of cracked solid fir-wood beams repaired with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) spikes. Fir wood is characterized by its low density, low compression strength, and high level of defects, and it is likely to distort when dried and tends to fail under tension due to the presence of cracks, knots, or grain deviation. The proposed repair technique consists of the insertion of BFRP spikes into timber beams to restore the continuity of cracked sections. The experimental efforts deal with the evaluation of the bending strength and deformation properties of 24 timber beams. An artificially simulated cracking was produced by cutting the wood beams in half or notching. The obtained results for the repaired beams were compared with those of solid undamaged and damaged beams, and increases of beam capacity, bending strength and of modulus of elasticity, and analysis of failure modes was discussed. For notched beams, the application of the BFRP spikes was able to restore the original bending capacity of undamaged beams, while only a small part of the original capacity was recovered for beams that were cut in half.

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Monitoring fungal degradation of E-glass/phenolic fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites used in wood reinforcement

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Biodegraded Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers: Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties

Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Biodegraded Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers: Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties

Flame retardancy, antifungal efficacies, and physical–mechanical properties for wood/polymer composites containing zinc borate

Basalt FRP Spike Repairing of Wood Beams

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