“…Producing and learning music likely involves even greater EF demands. For example, music is most often played in coordination with others (Palmer, 2013), which requires switching between multiple auditory streams (Loehr, Kourtis, Vesper, Sebanz, & Knoblich, 2013) and adjusting to other performers (e.g., Loehr & Palmer, 2011;Moore & Chen, 2010). Thus music performance may be associated with relatively general switching advantages, and musicians have indeed been found to outperform non-musicians on switching tasks (Hanna-Pladdy & MacKay, 2011;Moradzadeh, Blumenthal, & Wiseheart, 2014; see also Bugos, Perlstein, McCrae, Brophy, & Bedenbaugh, 2007;Zuk, Benjamin, Kenyon, & Gaab, 2014).…”