Monitoring interlaminar crack growth in ceramic matrix composites using electrical resistance

Mansour, Rabih; Maillet, Emmanuel; Morscher, Gregory N.

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.10.034

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Recently, the idea of extending the four-probe methods to several pairs of strategically located leads has led to bi-dimensional ER mapping of damage [20], which opens a great field of potential applications. Regarding SiC f /SiC m composites, since both the fibers and the matrix are relatively good electrical conductors, their ER has thus proved to be very sensitive to matrix cracking for both CVI (Chemical Vapor Infiltration) and MI (Melt-Infiltration) materials [21], as well as to interlaminar crack growth [22]. High-temperature tests have been monitored using ER measurements with adapted lead locations, which led to the observation that ER increases during creep testing at 1315°C on CVI materials [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical resistivity monitoring of a SiC/[Si-B-C] composite under oxidizing environments

2017

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International audienceThe introduction of Ceramic Matrix Composites parts in civil aeronautics requires a thorough understanding of their evolution under the oxidizing environments present within the engines. In this respect, a SiC f /PyC/[Si-B-C] m material has been tested in fatigue at 450°C and 100 MPa (which is a typical stress during takeoff) under two types of environmental conditions: ambient air, and moist air with an imposed water pressure of 10 kPa. Static fatigue and cyclic fatigue at a frequency of 1 Hz were both performed with these two conditions. As expected, the additional presence of moisture contributes to increase the degradation of the mechanical properties of the material, leading to shorter lifetimes and higher increases in electrical resistivity. It is shown that the pyrocarbon interphases are the main electrical conductors in this material: the electrical resistance can therefore be an accurate indicator of the damage state of these interphases, which are sensitive to the oxidizing environment. The global resistance increase presents two distinct phases of evolution in the four tests performed, with a transition around 35-40% of the time to failure. A model is proposed to account for this global resistance change, which proves to be in good agreement with experimental results. Moreover, the evolution of the electrical resistivity during the interposed unload-reload cycles can give key information about the state of the 2 fiber/matrix interfaces which are critical for mechanical properties. Finally, electrical resistance monitoring seems to provide information on the damage state of the material complementary to acoustic emission results, allowing an unprecedented assessment of the evolution of the interphases state during ageing under oxidizing environments

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical resistivity monitoring of a SiC/[Si-B-C] composite under oxidizing environments

2017

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“…In this configuration, the current is forced to travel from one arm to the other one around the notch, passing through the thickness of the material. One can obtain a relationship of the electrical resistance of the material for the current traveling around the notch as follows:

R = \frac{{normalρ}_{1} L_{n}}{A_{a r m 1}} + \frac{{normalρ}_{2} L_{n}}{A_{a r m 2}} + R_{x}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other types of loading/damage produce cracks in different planes. For example, foreign object damage (FOD) results in a combination of transverse and interlaminar cracks (in‐plane and out‐of‐plane type damage), and interlaminar type loading induces in‐plane cracks . Therefore, in order to measure the magnitude of in‐plane damage, the electrical current must travel in the out‐of‐plane direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of out‐of‐plane electrical resistivity for nonoxide ceramic matrix composites

Mansour

Singh

Morscher

et al. 2018

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The understanding of the directional dependence of electrical properties in composite materials is essential to develop an accurate electromechanical model for these materials. However, determining the out-of-plane electrical resistivity in composite materials is a challenging task due to the architectural complexity of these materials and the different electrical conductivity of the composite constituents. Moreover, the small thickness of most CMC panels imposes physical difficulties on measuring the out-of-plane electrical resistivity directly. This work provides an indirect method for determining the out-of-plane electrical resistivity for composite materials while introducing the concept of length constant. This method was utilized and successfully verified for three ceramic matrix composite systems with significantly different electrical properties. The proposed method can potentially be employed for other composite systems with conductive phases. K E Y W O R D S ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), electrical properties, non-destructive evaluation techniques, resistivity

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“…Beyond 10 mm crack extension, electrical resistance was used to determine crack length. The use of electrical resistance for measuring interlaminar crack length is well‐established …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this method, a wedge is used to apply the load directly to the specimen for interlaminar testing. The technique has been shown to be a viable method for evaluating interlaminar fracture properties at both room and elevated temperatures …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode I interlaminar fracture behavior of 2D woven ceramic matrix composites

Mansour

Morscher

2018

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Interlaminar fracture properties of melt-infiltrated woven SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites were investigated using traditional and wedge-loaded double cantilever beam methods. The two methods produced comparable G IC results for some specimens. The difference in boundary conditions between the two methods appeared to influence the crack propagation path. The DCB method, having free-end boundary condition, allowed more interaction between the crack and the composite microstructure than the wedge method did. The effect of fiber tow layout sequence had an effect on the interlaminar properties. Higher toughness was observed for the orientation where crack propagation occurs between planes with more transverse tows. Jump-arrest phenomenon was found to have higher significance on the rising R-curve behavior than fiber bridging. K E Y W O R D Sceramic matrix composites, crack growth resistance, fracture mechanics/toughness, R-curve

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Monitoring interlaminar crack growth in ceramic matrix composites using electrical resistance

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Electrical resistivity monitoring of a SiC/[Si-B-C] composite under oxidizing environments

Electrical resistivity monitoring of a SiC/[Si-B-C] composite under oxidizing environments

Determination of out‐of‐plane electrical resistivity for nonoxide ceramic matrix composites

Mode I interlaminar fracture behavior of 2D woven ceramic matrix composites

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