Monitoring of antibiotic consumption in livestock: A German feasibility study

Merle, Roswitha; Hájek, Peter; Käsbohrer, Annemarie; Hegger-Gravenhorst, Christine; Mollenhauer, Yvonne; Robanus, Matthias; Ungemach, F. R.; Kreienbrock, Lothar

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.10.013

Cited by 91 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…the intensity of use is much higher in calf production, especially veal calf production, than in other beef production systems and in dairy cattle. 15,16 Furthermore, the potency of the various antimicrobial agents within a class can be very different; e.g. the dosage of doxycycline is about one quarter of the dosage of oxytetracycline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the sales and sales patterns of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 European countries

Grave

Torren-Edo

Müller

et al. 2014

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Objectives: To describe sales and sales patterns of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries for 2011.Methods: Data on the sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents from 25 EU member states and EEA countries for 2011 were collected at package level (name, formulation, strength, pack size, number of packages sold) according to a standardized protocol and template and presented in a harmonized manner. These data were calculated to express amounts sold, in metric tonnes, of active ingredient of each package. A population correction unit (PCU) was applied as a proxy for the animal biomass potentially treated with antimicrobial agents. The indicator used to express sales was milligrams of active substance per PCU.Results: Substantial variations in the sales patterns and in the magnitude of sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents, expressed as mg/PCU, between the countries were observed. The proportion of sales, in mg/PCU, of products applicable for treatment of groups or herds of animals (premixes, oral powders and oral solution) varied considerably between the countries.Conclusions: Some countries reported much lower sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents than others, when expressed as mg/PCU. Sales patterns varied between countries, particularly with respect to pharmaceutical forms. Further studies are needed to understand the factors that explain the observed differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the sales and sales patterns of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 European countries

Grave

Torren-Edo

Müller

et al. 2014

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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“…These programmes are responsible for the collection, analysis and publication of data on sales and consumption of antimicrobials in livestock and food animals [Chauvin et al 2008;Merle et al 2012;Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2015a,b]. Furthermore, there were no reported studies concerning the use and consumption of antimicrobials in the broiler production in Morocco.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

Rahmatallah

Rhaffouli

Amine

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Monitoring the use of antibacterial agents in food-producing animals is crucial in order to reduce antimicrobial resistance, selection and dissemination of resistant bacterial strains, and drug residues in the animal food products. The broiler production sector is considered a great consumer of antibacterials and incriminated in the rise of antimicrobial resistance level in zoonotic bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter. Following recommendations from the OIE and WHO, a survey was conducted about the use and consumption of several antibacterial agents in Moroccan broiler flocks. More than 5 million broilers were randomly surveyed at the prescriber level, that is, via the veterinary clinics involved in their health management. The results showed that 93% of the flocks received at least one antibacterial treatment of minimum 3 days duration. Enrofloxacin, colistin and trimethoprim/sulphonamides were the most used antibacterials followed by oxytetracycline, florfenicol and amoxicillin. Oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and colistin were overdosed in most of the administration, while amoxicillin and the combination of trimethoprim/sulphonamides were under-dosed. The total amount of antibacterial consumed in the survey was 63.48 mg/kg and the Animal Level of Exposure to Antimicrobials (ALEA) was 94.45%. The reasons for this frequent use were related mainly to the poor quality of broiler production management. Chicks and animal feed provided to producers were of variable quality. Management of rearing stock density was often poor and biosecurity inadequate, and broilers were challenged by a high prevalence of infectious diseases.

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“…In addition, the most appropriate antibacterial should be used. However, the decision to treat and choice of antibacterials may be affected by numerous factors other than professional veterinary knowledge (Busani et Antibacterials are usually administered to pigs (in particular weaners) per pen or section via feed or water, implying that healthy animals within the pens are also treated (Merle et al, 2012;Callens et al, 2012). However, oral administration appears to be a crucial factor in the risk of antibacterial resistance development (Burow et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of oral antibacterial treatment patterns in relation to specific diarrhoeal pathogens in weaner pigs

Jensen

Jorsal

Toft

2017

Veterinary Microbiology

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Highlights Antimicrobial use should be evidence based and prudent according to WHO guidelines.  In Danish weaning pigs, tetracyclines were the most frequently used antimicrobials for diahrroea by a substantial margin, irrespective the identified pathogen, including Brachyspira pilosicoli, Lawsonia intracellularis, and E.coli (F4 and F18). Tetracyclines are 2. or 3.rd choice antimicrobial according to the national guidelines  Increasing compliance with the national treatment guidelines was observed in 14% of the herds with laboratory finding of B.pilosicoli, suggesting that B.pilosicoli is underdiagnosed based on clinical criteria.  In herds with moderate-massive amounts of Brachyspira pilosicoli, Lawsonia intracellularis, or E.coli (F4 and F18), between 10% and 20% of the herds did not use antimicrobial batch treatment.  The antimicrobial use per pig appeared to decrease more in herds with negative laboratory results compared to herds with a moderate-massive occurrence of either of the pathogens, but this finding could be related to register data bias. AbstractAccording to international guidelines, the use of antibacterials should be evidence based and prudent. This register-based, cross-sectional study investigates the potential effect of laboratory findings on the patterns of antibacterial oral (batch) medication of weaner pigs, and the level of compliance with national guidelines for antibacterial use. The study population includes 1,736weaner herds (≈65% of all Danish weaner pigs) that were subject to laboratory analysis from the National Veterinary Institute on Brachyspira pilosicoli, Lawsonia intracellularis, and E.coli (F4 and F18) in 2014. Antibacterial prescription data were obtained from the national database, VetStat.These showed that antibacterial prescriptions for use in weaner pigs was 8.6% lower in spring 2015 compared to spring 2014. The antibacterial use per pig tended (p=0.08) to decrease more in herds with negative laboratory results compared to herds with a moderate or massive occurrence of either of the pathogens. Irrespective of the laboratory findings on diarrhoeal pathogens, tetracyclines were the most frequently used antibacterials by a substantial margin, both 3 months prior to and 2-5 months after laboratory analysis. According to the national guidelines, tetracyclines are the second or third-choice antibacterial for treatment of diarrhoeal pathogens, due to resistance and coresistance patterns. Compliance with the guidelines increased in 14% of the herds, mostly following identification of B. pilosicoli within the herd. Between 10% and 20% of the herds did not use batch treatment, despite the presence of moderate-massive amounts of the pathogens.

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Monitoring of antibiotic consumption in livestock: A German feasibility study

Cited by 91 publications

References 13 publications

Variations in the sales and sales patterns of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 European countries

Variations in the sales and sales patterns of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 European countries

Consumption of antibacterial molecules in broiler production in Morocco

A cross-sectional study of oral antibacterial treatment patterns in relation to specific diarrhoeal pathogens in weaner pigs

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