Monitoring of biochemical effects of organochlorine pesticides on human health

Khwaja, Sobia; Mushtaq, Rubina; Mushtaq, Rehana; Yousuf, Masarrat; Attaullah, Mohammad; Tabbassum, Fozia; Faiz, Rabiya

doi:10.4236/health.2013.58182

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Ayaz et al [16] reported that the entry of such toxicants will reduce the level of hemoglobin among pesticide sprayers and naturally will affect the oxygen transportation, responsible for breathing difficulties observed. Since they do not use adequate protective materials, the skin will be in contact with the chemical inducing contact effect known as cutaneous melanoma and biochemical transformations can be observed [17]. This is mostly caused by dithiocarbamates group (maneb, mancozeb and zineb) [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Personal Clothing Worn by Pesticide Sprayers in Foumbot Agricultural Area (Cameroon)

Jean¹,

Gracile²,

Bénoît³

2019

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Personal protective equipment is intended to protect worker from risks that cannot be eliminated for more effective safety. This study was aimed at evaluating the type of cloth worn by pesticide users in Foumbot agricultural area (West Region of Cameroon) and to identify signs and symptoms related to pesticides effects on human health. A survey was conducted on seventy (70) farmers randomly selected using a questionnaire made up of closed and opened questions. Specimens of cloth were collected, identified and analyzed for the water and vapor absorbency and permeability. The identification was done by burning and solubility tests. Results showed that no farmer used adequate protective clothing, they all presented many pesticide-related signs and symptoms such as dizziness, skin irritation, eye-watering and breathing difficulties; the permeation of clothes that they wear is high with high vapor and water absorbency capacity; they were made up with Cotton fiber, blended cotton fibre, wool, polyester and polyethylene; a local laminated fabric manufactured with Tri-acetate fiber was identified with great capacity of protection. This study raised inappropriate characteristics of protective materials used by farmers in Foumbot agricultural area. However, a local fabric was identified to have been adapted to pesticide applications and may be promoted after further study on the comfortability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Personal Clothing Worn by Pesticide Sprayers in Foumbot Agricultural Area (Cameroon)

Jean¹,

Gracile²,

Bénoît³

2019

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“…Majority of pesticides reported to date from Pakistan in milk, fruits, vegetables, fish meal and cottonseed samples are chlorinated and exceeds the Maximum Residue Level (MRL) (Tariq et al, 2007). Organochlorine insecticides have also been reported in breast milk and human serum samples of cancer patients from Pakistan (Khwaja et al, 2013;Attaullah et al, 2018Attaullah et al, , 2019. The presence of organochlorine insecticides is a matter of concern for public health and for the populations of insect fauna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey as a bioindicator of environmental organochlorine insecticides contamination

et al. 2023

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Honey is a suitable matrix for the evaluation of environmental contaminants including organochlorine insecticides. The present study was conducted to evaluate residues of fifteen organochlorine insecticides in honey samples of unifloral and multifloral origins from Dir, Pakistan. Honey samples (5 g each) were extracted with GC grade organic solvents and then subjected to Rotary Evaporator till dryness. The extracts were then mixed with n-Hexane (5 ml) and purified through Column Chromatography. Purified extracts (1μl each) were processed through Gas Chromatograph coupled with Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) for identification and quantification of the insecticides. Of the 15 insecticides tested, 46.7% were detected while 53.3% were not detected in the honey samples. Heptachlor was the most prevalent insecticide with a mean level of 0.0018 mg/kg detected in 80% of the samples followed by β-HCH with a mean level of 0.0016 mg/kg detected in 71.4% of the honey samples. Honey samples from Acacia modesta Wall. were 100% positive for Heptachlor with a mean level of 0.0048 mg/kg followed by β-HCH with a mean level of 0.003 mg/kg and frequency of 83.3%. Minimum levels of the tested insecticides were detected in the unifloral honey from Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Methoxychlor, Endosulfan, Endrin and metabolites of DDT were not detected in the studied honey samples. Some of the tested insecticides are banned in Pakistan but are still detected in honey samples indicating their use in the study area. The detected levels of all insecticides were below the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) and safe for consumers. However, the levels detected can cause mortality in insect fauna. The use of banned insecticides is one of the main factors responsible for the declining populations of important insect pollinators including honeybees.

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“…It is a highly lethal pesticide and shows a relationship with oncogenic disease. Thus it has a negative effect on human health (Khwaja et al, 2013;Attaullah et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of endosulfan toxicity in human

KARN¹,

Upadhyay²,

KUMAR³

2022

Biocell

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Chemicals are comprehensively used worldwide to control herbs, weeds, pests, and other competing agents with various growing crops. The consumption of crops grown with these chemicals (even in small quantities) can upshot into accumulation in the human body. People can accidentally inhale these hazardous chemicals if they are in an area where they were applied. These chemicals can be ingested in a human with contaminated food and drinks. Ultimately it causes various adverse effects (chronic toxicity, teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic effect, reproductive, and organ toxicity) on human health. Among the pool of these chemicals used as pesticides in the environment, exposure of endosulfan to humans has a potential health risk throughout the globe. The poisoning of endosulfan is reported frequently in society, therefore, this article highlights the toxicological and other harmful properties of endosulfan to humans and emphasized its essential biomonitoring. Its quick monitoring and effective hazard evaluation are possible with multiomics technologies and some other analytical approaches. This review summarizes the introduction and mechanism of action of endosulfan along with some other toxic chemicals used in the agriculture work, the toxicity of endosulfan in human/environment, and importantly its biomonitoring (detection of chemicals and their metabolites in a biological sample) in human because biomonitoring is often considered as the most preferred method. Biomonitoring could be easily done in human samples (blood, hair, milk, and urine) with a multi-omics approach, which is a quick, reliable, and state-of-the-art technique.

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Monitoring of biochemical effects of organochlorine pesticides on human health

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Characterization of Personal Clothing Worn by Pesticide Sprayers in Foumbot Agricultural Area (Cameroon)

Characterization of Personal Clothing Worn by Pesticide Sprayers in Foumbot Agricultural Area (Cameroon)

Honey as a bioindicator of environmental organochlorine insecticides contamination

Biomonitoring of endosulfan toxicity in human

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