Monitoring of Debris Flows with an Improved System Setup at the Lattenbach Catchment, Austria

Hübl, Johannes; Schimmel, Andreas; Koschuch, Richard

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53485-5_53

Cited by 2 publications

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“…If the method for the discharge estimation is applied to the infrasound signal, the peak discharge is calculated as 41 m

/s and the total volume as 13,430 m

. At the Lattenbach monitoring site, a 2D Laser scanner can be used in combination with a debris flow Puls–Doppler Radar (IBTP-Koschuch, [ 42 ]) for surface velocity to calculate, with a good degree of accuracy, the discharge of debris flows with a time resolution of one second during the whole event duration [ 43 ]. Figure 13 compares the discharge and total volume estimate based on the infrasound signal to the measured discharge.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Identification of Alpine Mass Movements by a Combination of Seismic and Infrasound Sensors

Schimmel

Hübl

McArdell

et al. 2018

Sensors

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The automatic detection and identification of alpine mass movements such as debris flows, debris floods, or landslides have been of increasing importance for devising mitigation measures in densely populated and intensively used alpine regions. Since these mass movements emit characteristic seismic and acoustic waves in the low-frequency range (<30 Hz), several approaches have already been developed for detection and warning systems based on these signals. However, a combination of the two methods, for improving detection probability and reducing false alarms, is still applied rarely. This paper presents an update and extension of a previously published approach for a detection and identification system based on a combination of seismic and infrasound sensors. Furthermore, this work evaluates the possible early warning times at several test sites and aims to analyze the seismic and infrasound spectral signature produced by different sediment-related mass movements to identify the process type and estimate the magnitude of the event. Thus, this study presents an initial method for estimating the peak discharge and total volume of debris flows based on infrasound data. Tests on several catchments show that this system can detect and identify mass movements in real time directly at the sensor site with high accuracy and a low false alarm ratio.

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“…If the method for the discharge estimation is applied to the infrasound signal, the peak discharge is calculated as 41 m

/s and the total volume as 13,430 m

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Identification of Alpine Mass Movements by a Combination of Seismic and Infrasound Sensors

Schimmel

Hübl

McArdell

et al. 2018

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Upon the knowledge of the author, nowadays in Europe debris-flow monitoring stations are only situated in the Alps: Italy (Berti et al, 2000;Marchi et al, 2002), Austria (Hübl and Kaitna, 2010), Switzerland (Badoux et al, 2009;Hürlimann et al, 2003b) and…”

Section: Debris Flow Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On one side, monitoring aims to gain knowledge about the flow behaviour, while on another, instrumentation seeks to detect the occurrence of events in order to alert the people exposed to the risk. According to the authors' knowledge, right now, in Europe, debris-flow monitoring stations are mostly located in the Alps: Italy (Berti et al, 2000;Marchi et al, 2002), Austria (Hübl and Kaitna, 2010), France (Navratil et al, 2012) and Switzerland (Badoux et al, 2009;Hürlimann et al, 2003b), but also in the Icelandic fjords (Bessason et al, 2007) or the Monitoring and geomorphologic characterization of debris flows at catchment scale [46] Spanish Pyrenees . There are other stations in China (Zhang, 1993), Japan (Lavigne et al, 2000;Suwa et al, 2009), Taiwan (Yin et al, 2010) and USA (Hadley and LaHusen, 1995;LaHusen, 2005a), as well as monitoring stations for other types of rapid mass movements, such as lahars (Lavigne et al, 2000;Marcial et al, 1996;Tuñgol and Regalado, 1996), bedload transport (Rickenmann and Fritschi, 2007;Rickenmann and McArdell, 2007) or avalanches (Leprettre et al, 1996) throughout the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring and geomorphologic characterization of debris flows at catchment scale : contributions to debris-flow hazard assessment

Abancó¹

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Debris flows are very fast mass movements and are considered as one of the most hazardous phenomenain mountainous regions. Research on this field has strongly improved during the last decades. However,many open questions remain concerning the details of the triggering mechanisms of this type of phenomena and their dynamic behaviour; both of them key points in the hazard assessment. The global purpose of this work is to improve some aspects of the debris-flow hazard assessment atcatchment scale; particularly the estimation of the events¿ magnitude, the determination of their intensity and the characterization of the triggering factors. Most of the objectives have been carried out by means of the auscultation of a catchment in wich the debris flows are frequent. Furthermore, data of geomorphological characterization of other catchments have been analysed. This work aims at increasing the knowledge on debris flows in the Pyrenees. In the context of this thesis, a debris-flow monitoring system has been set up in the Pyrenees, in the Rebaixader torrent (Alta Ribagorça, Central Pyrenees). Since July 2009, six debris flows involving volumes ranging from 1000 to 21000 m3, eleven debris floods (volumes from 350 to 2800 m3) and four rockfalls have been registered. The distinction between processes and the identification of the different phases of the flow events have mainly been based on ground vibration data. The detailed analysis of the ground vibration generated by torrential processes has revealed that there are several on-site factors strongly influencing the signal registered by the geophones. In particular, a significant decrease of the signal has been recognized at the geophones that were not placed close to the active channel. The ground vibration signal generated by some debris-flow events has not only been registered using the conventional digital sampling of the ground velocity signal, but also by means of transforming the ground velocity into impulses. Both techniques are suitable for the detection and characterization of the debris-flow events. However, the transformation into impulses shows interesting advantages, such as the low power consumption and the simplicity of the analysis of this type of signal in comparison to the conventional one. Both aspects are crucial in early warning and alarm systems (EWAS). Besides, the characterization of the rainfalls in the catchment has revealed that the most common debris-flow triggering rainfalls in the Rebaixader torrent last around 2 hours and the critical hourly intensity value is around 15 mm/h. However, it has been detected that also spring episodes of moderate intensity, accompanied by the potential infiltration from snowmelt can trigger torrential flows and rockfalls. In particular, a detailed analysis of three rockfalls that occurred in spring is presented. Moreover, a methodology to estimate the entrainment of bed material in a debris-flow event is presented within this study. The methodology was based on the creation of a decision tree (applying data mining techniques) over a database of geomorphologic parameters, collected in the field and from a digital elevation model, which incorporates 110 reaches from 17 torrents. Finally, a general decision tree was proposed that should be calibrated and adapted, in order to widen its application to other catchments and climatic regions.

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Monitoring of Debris Flows with an Improved System Setup at the Lattenbach Catchment, Austria

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Automatic Identification of Alpine Mass Movements by a Combination of Seismic and Infrasound Sensors

Automatic Identification of Alpine Mass Movements by a Combination of Seismic and Infrasound Sensors

Monitoring and geomorphologic characterization of debris flows at catchment scale : contributions to debris-flow hazard assessment

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