Monitoring of <i>Sesamia nonagrioides</i> resistance to MON 810 maize in the European Union: lessons from a long‐term harmonized plan

Farinós, Gema P.; Hernández‐Crespo, Pedro; Ortego, Félix; Castañera, Pedro

doi:10.1002/ps.4735

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…There have been no indications of reduced Cry1Ab susceptibility in the two target pests (ECB and MCB) in the EU. This can largely be attributed to the rather conservative, pro-active and effectively implemented IRM plan for MON 810 [7,8] in combination with additional factors that further reduce the likelihood of resistance development of the target pests (i.e. use of a high-dose product, the mobility of ECB and MCB populations, and the relatively small-scale MON 810 cultivation in the EU, although there are certain areas in the region where the MON 810 adoption rate is high (Table 2)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While it has been debated whether development of resistance in insects is an agronomic/economic effect rather than an environmental one, CS monitoring focused on detecting resistant insect populations and on the implementation of, and compliance with, the Insect Resistance Management (IRM) plan. The results of the CS monitoring show no indication of reduced Cry1Ab susceptibility after 15 years of commercial planting for the two target pests in the EU, indicating that the established IRM plan for MON 810 has been a conservative, pro-active and effective tool in sustaining the efficacy of the product [8,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. It should be noted that several product characteristics and aspects of pest biology contribute to a low likelihood of changes in susceptibility of the target pests against the MON 810 Cry1Ab protein in the EU (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…use of a high-dose product and the mobility of ECB and MCB populations). Furthermore, resistance is more likely to develop when there is high adoption of the trait and, even though there are certain areas where the MON 810 adoption rate is high, in general it is cultivated on a relatively small-scale in the EU [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Bertho

Schmidt²,

Schmidtke³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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In European regulations for the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), the objective of General Surveillance in Post-Market Environmental Monitoring is defined as the identification of the occurrence of adverse effects of the GMO or its use which were not anticipated in the environmental risk assessment (ERA). Accompanying the commercial cultivation in the EU of maize event MON 810, General Surveillance was implemented by Monsanto, the authorization holder, on a voluntary basis. We carried out a statistical analysis on the pooled results of ten years of farmer questionnaires, which were a part of this General Surveillance, amounting to 2,627 farmer fields in eight European countries in the period 2006-2015. This analysis did not reveal any unexpected adverse effects associated with the cultivation of MON 810. Results from farmer questionnaires confirmed that the cultivation of MON 810 resulted in a significant reduction in the use of pesticides, efficient protection against the target pests, and healthier, higher yielding crops compared to conventional maize. MON 810 also had reduced susceptibility to disease and pests when compared to conventional maize. Monitoring characteristics related to environment and wildlife revealed no significant differences between MON 810 and conventional maize. Literature searches, that were also conducted as part of General Surveillance, identified a comprehensive set of publications addressing environmental safety as well as food and feed safety aspects of MON 810. None of the publications indicated any adverse effect of MON 810 that was not anticipated in the initial ERA, nor did they lead to a change in the conclusions of the initial risk assessment that demonstrated the safety of MON 810. The development of resistance by the target pests (Ostrinia nubilalis, ECB and Sesamia nonagrioides, MCB) was the only potential adverse effect identified in the ERA of MON 810 cultivation in the EU. The extensive safety data package for MON 810, the robust weight of evidence demonstrating both its safety and benefits, and the history of safe use of MON 810 for 15 years in the EU, indicates that focussing the General Surveillance of MON 810 on literature searches and farmer complaint systems would be appropriately protective. This will

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Bertho

Schmidt²,

Schmidtke³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…The IRM plan was revised in regard to the sampling strategy and monitoring protocol of ECB and MCB populations, accounting for some of the previously recommendations made by EFSA (e.g. EFSA, ; EFSA GMO Panel, 2017), the experience gained with the implementation of the initial IRM plan (Farinós et al., ; Thieme et al., ), and relevant scientific publications.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the 2017 post‐market environmental monitoring report on the cultivation of genetically modified maize MON 810

Álvarez¹,

Camargo²,

Devos³

2019

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the 2017 post‐market environmental monitoring (PMEM) report on the cultivation of Cry1Ab‐expressing maize event MON 810. Like previous years, partial compliance with refuge requirements is reported for Spain. European and Mediterranean corn borer populations collected from North‐eastern Spain during the 2017 maize growing season and tested for Cry1Ab susceptibility show no symptoms of resistance to maize MON 810. No complaints about unexpected field damage caused by corn borers were received through the farmer complaint system. The assessment of farmer questionnaires and relevant scientific publications does not indicate any unanticipated adverse effects on human and animal health or the environment arising from the cultivation of maize MON 810. No information about the use of existing networks involved in environmental monitoring is provided. Overall, EFSA concludes that the evidence reported in the 2017 PMEM report does not invalidate previous EFSA and GMO Panel evaluations on the safety of maize MON 810. As in previous years, EFSA identifies methodological and reporting shortcomings pertaining to resistance monitoring that need revision in future PMEM reports. In particular, the monitoring plan, as implemented in 2017, is not sufficiently sensitive to detect the recommended 3% resistance allele frequency. Consequently, EFSA strongly recommends the consent holder to: (1) achieve full compliance with refuge requirements in areas where maize MON 810 adoption is high (i.e. North‐eastern Spain); (2) increase the sensitivity of the resistance monitoring plan and address previously mentioned methodological, analytical and/or reporting limitations for resistance monitoring and farmer questionnaires; and (3) perform a F2‐screen on European and Mediterranean corn borer populations from North‐eastern Spain. Moreover, relevant stakeholders should implement a methodological framework to enable making best use of existing networks involved in environmental monitoring for the general surveillance of genetically modified plants.

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“…(glufosinate-resistant) (Gunther, 2011), Clearfi eld® (imidazolinone-resistant) (Gealy et al, 2003;Croughan, 2011) and Roundup ready® (glyphosate-resistant) (Monsanto, 2010) have been released for commercial cultivation. Among these, Liberty Link® (glufosinate-resistant) and Roundup ready® (glyphosate-resistant) rice have been developed through transgenic technology while Clearfi eld® (imidazolinone-resistant) rice has been developed via chemically induced seed mutagenesis and conventional breeding (Gealy et al, 2003;Tan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Link®mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and Induced Glufosinate-resistance in selected Rice (<em>Oryza sativa L</em>.) Varieties in Sri Lanka

et al. 2018

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Purpose: Herbicide-resistant rice varieties in combination with post-emergent broad-spectrum herbicides improve the eff ectiveness of weed management in rice fi elds. Herbicide-resistance can be acquired naturally or induced by classical or modern breeding techniques. In the present study, screening of Sri Lankan rice varieties to glufosinate was examined and attempts were made to develop glufosinate-resistant rice varieties with the help of the breeding technique, mutagenesis. Research Method: Natural glufosinate-resistance was studied in seven (7) traditional and eighteen (18) inbred rice varieties under 0.27, 0.30 and 0.33 kg ha-1 glufosinate concentrations. Induced glufosinateresistance in seed-derived calli of four glufosinate-susceptible rice varieties using Ethyl Methane Sulfonate was also observed and these were then treated with 0.2% (v/v) glufosinateto to determine induced glufosinate-resistance in seed-derived calli. Findings: Two traditional varieties (Pachchaperumal, Ma Wee) and fi fteen inbred varieties (At362,

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Monitoring of Sesamia nonagrioides resistance to MON 810 maize in the European Union: lessons from a long‐term harmonized plan

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Results from ten years of post-market environmental monitoring of genetically modified MON 810 maize in the European Union

Assessment of the 2017 post‐market environmental monitoring report on the cultivation of genetically modified maize MON 810

Natural and Induced Glufosinate-resistance in selected Rice (<em>Oryza sativa L</em>.) Varieties in Sri Lanka

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